Krüger Gabriel I, Urbina Francisca, Pardo-Esté Coral, Salinas Valentina, Álvarez Javiera, Avilés Nicolás, Oviedo Ana, Kusch Catalina, Pavez Valentina, Vernal Rolando, Tello Mario, Alvarez-Thon Luis, Castro-Severyn Juan, Remonsellez Francisco, Hidalgo Alejandro, Saavedra Claudia P
Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Republica 330, Santiago 8370146, Chile.
Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada y Extremófilos, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile.
Microorganisms. 2025 Aug 3;13(8):1812. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081812.
is one of the main causes of food-borne illness worldwide. In most cases, contamination can be traced back to food processing plants and/or to cross-contamination during food preparation. To avoid food-borne diseases, food processing plants use sanitizers and biocidal to reduce bacterial contaminants below acceptable levels. Despite these preventive actions, can survive and consequently affect human health. This study investigates the adaptive capacity of the main serotypes isolated from the poultry production line, focusing on their replication, antimicrobial resistance, and biofilm formation under stressors such as acidic conditions, oxidative environment, and high osmolarity. Using growth curve analysis, crystal violet staining, and microscopy, we assessed replication, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance under acidic, oxidative, and osmotic stress conditions. Disinfectant tolerance was evaluated by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of sodium hypochlorite. The antibiotic resistance was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer method. The results indicate that, in general, acidic and osmotic stress reduce the growth of . However, no significant differences were observed specifically for serotypes Infantis, Heidelberg, and Corvallis. The Infantis isolates were the strongest biofilm producers and showed the highest prevalence of multidrug resistance (71%). Interestingly, Infantis forming biofilms required up to 8-fold higher concentrations of sodium hypochlorite for eradication. Furthermore, osmotic and oxidative stress significantly induced biofilm production in industrial Infantis isolates compared to a reference strain. Understanding how responds to industrial stressors is vital for designing strategies to control the proliferation of these highly adapted, multi-resistant pathogens.
是全球食源性疾病的主要原因之一。在大多数情况下，污染可追溯到食品加工厂和/或食品制备过程中的交叉污染。为避免食源性疾病，食品加工厂使用消毒剂和杀菌剂将细菌污染物减少到可接受水平以下。尽管采取了这些预防措施， 仍能存活并因此影响人类健康。本研究调查了从家禽生产线分离出的主要 血清型的适应能力，重点关注它们在酸性条件、氧化环境和高渗透压等应激源下的复制、抗微生物耐药性和生物膜形成。通过生长曲线分析、结晶紫染色和显微镜检查，我们评估了酸性、氧化和渗透应激条件下的复制、生物膜形成和抗微生物耐药性。通过测定次氯酸钠的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）来评估消毒剂耐受性。使用 Kirby-Bauer 方法评估抗生素耐药性。结果表明，一般来说，酸性和渗透应激会降低 的生长。然而，对于婴儿血清型、海德堡血清型和科瓦利斯血清型，未观察到显著差异。婴儿血清型分离株是最强的生物膜产生者，并且显示出最高的多重耐药率（71%）。有趣的是，形成生物膜的婴儿血清型需要高达 8 倍浓度的次氯酸钠才能根除。此外，与参考菌株相比，渗透和氧化应激显著诱导了工业婴儿血清型分离株中的生物膜产生。了解 如何应对工业应激源对于设计控制这些高度适应、多重耐药病原体增殖的策略至关重要。
