Samudio-Cruz María Alejandra, Cerqueda-García Daniel, Cabrera-Ruiz Elizabeth, Luna-Angulo Alexandra, Canizales-Quinteros Samuel, Landa-Solis Carlos, Martínez-Nava Gabriela Angélica, Carrillo-Mora Paul, Rangel-López Edgar, Ríos-Martínez Juan, López-Contreras Blanca, Valencia-León Jesús Fernando, Sánchez-Chapul Laura
División de Neurociencias Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City 14389, Mexico.
Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Instituto de Ecología, A.C.-INECOL, Xalapa 91070, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2025 Aug 5;13(8):1828. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081828.
While the gut microbiota of obese children in Mexico has been studied, its relationship with depressive and anxiety symptoms in obese adults remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to describe the gut microbiota profile of Mexican adults with obesity and its association with depression and anxiety. We sequenced the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene from stool samples of obese adults categorized into four groups: control (OCG), with depressive symptoms (OD), with anxiety symptoms (OAx), or with both (ODAx). Alpha diversity was assessed using -tests, beta diversity was assessed with PERMANOVA, and taxonomic differences was assessed with LEfSe. Associations between bacterial genera and clinical variables were analyzed using the Maaslin2 library. Bacteroidota was the most prevalent phylum, and was the dominant enterotype across all groups. Although overall diversity did not differ significantly, 30 distinct taxonomic biomarkers were identified among groups as follows: 4 in OCG (Firmicutes), 5 in OD (Firmicutes, Bacteroidota), 13 in OAx (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteroidota, Proteobacteria), and 8 in ODAx (Firmicutes). This is the first study to identify distinct gut microbiota profiles in obese Mexican adults with depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest important microbial biomarkers for improving the diagnosis and treatment of mental health conditions in obesity.
虽然墨西哥肥胖儿童的肠道微生物群已得到研究，但其与肥胖成年人抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系仍未得到探索。本研究的目的是描述患有肥胖症的墨西哥成年人的肠道微生物群特征及其与抑郁和焦虑的关联。我们对肥胖成年人粪便样本中16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区域进行了测序，这些成年人被分为四组：对照组（OCG）、有抑郁症状组（OD）、有焦虑症状组（OAx）或两者皆有组（ODAx）。使用t检验评估α多样性，使用PERMANOVA评估β多样性，使用LEfSe评估分类学差异。使用Maaslin2库分析细菌属与临床变量之间的关联。拟杆菌门是最普遍的门，并且是所有组中的优势肠型。尽管总体多样性没有显著差异，但在各组中鉴定出30种不同的分类学生物标志物，如下所示：OCG中有4种（厚壁菌门），OD中有5种（厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门），OAx中有13种（厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、梭杆菌门、变形菌门），ODAx中有8种（厚壁菌门）。这是第一项在患有抑郁和焦虑症状的肥胖墨西哥成年人中识别出不同肠道微生物群特征的研究。这些发现表明，对于改善肥胖症患者心理健康状况的诊断和治疗，存在重要的微生物生物标志物。
