Wan Ru, Wang Hezhen, Liang Xiaojie, Zhou Xuan, Wang Yajun, Tian Yehan, Shi Zhigang, Li Yuekun
National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China.
College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Aug 9;13(8):1864. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081864.
L. (goji berry), a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, depends heavily on nitrogen input to maintain productivity. Nitrogen application also profoundly influences rhizosphere microbial dynamics, which are critical for soil health and plant performance. This study aimed to investigate how the rhizosphere fungal community responds to nitrogen input and explore the potential role of beneficial fungi (e.g., ) in goji berry rhizosphere enrichment. A field experiment with four nitrogen levels (0, 53.82, 67.62, and 80.73 g·N m·year, designated as N0, N1, N2, and N3) was conducted to analyze the fungal community structure in the rhizosphere of goji berry using ITS rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The results showed that nitrogen input significantly altered the rhizosphere fungal community composition and diversity. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and Mantel tests indicated that soil electrical conductivity, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and nitrate nitrogen were key environmental factors driving the fungal communities' shifts. Notably, specific fungal genera, including , , , , , , and , exhibited differential enrichment across nitrogen levels. In particular, was significantly enriched under the conventional nitrogen treatment (N2), a strain of sp. LC101 was successfully isolated from the goji berry rhizosphere, and its functional roles were verified via pot experiments. Inoculation with sp. LC101 significantly promoted goji berry growth, with the most pronounced effects observed under N0 treatments, root fresh weight, root vitality, and leaf chlorophyll content increased by up to 55.10%, 15.69%, and 43.27%, respectively, compared to non-inoculated controls. Additionally, sp. LC101 regulated rhizosphere nitrogen transformation by enhancing urease, nitrite reductase, and polyphenol oxidase activities while inhibiting nitrate reductase activity. These findings demonstrate that responds sensitively to nitrogen input, with enrichment under moderate nitrogen levels, and acts as a beneficial rhizosphere fungus by promoting plant growth and regulating nitrogen cycling. This study provides novel insights for nitrogen management in the goji berry industry, where synergistic regulation via "nitrogen reduction combined with microbial inoculation" can reduce nitrogen loss, improve yield and quality through functional fungi, and contribute to ecological sustainability.
枸杞是一种传统的中药材植物，其生产力的维持严重依赖于氮输入。施氮也会深刻影响根际微生物动态，而根际微生物动态对土壤健康和植物生长表现至关重要。本研究旨在探究枸杞根际真菌群落对氮输入的响应，并探索有益真菌（如[具体真菌名称缺失]）在枸杞根际富集过程中的潜在作用。通过设置四个氮水平（0、53.82、67.62和80.73 g·N m·年，分别记为N0、N1、N2和N3）的田间试验，利用ITS rRNA基因扩增子测序分析枸杞根际真菌群落结构。结果表明，氮输入显著改变了枸杞根际真菌群落的组成和多样性。冗余分析（RDA）和Mantel检验表明，土壤电导率、总磷、有效磷和硝态氮是驱动真菌群落变化的关键环境因素。值得注意的是，包括[具体真菌属名称缺失]等特定真菌属在不同氮水平下表现出差异富集。特别是，[具体真菌属名称缺失]在常规氮处理（N2）下显著富集，从枸杞根际成功分离出一株[具体真菌名称缺失] sp. LC101，并通过盆栽试验验证了其功能作用。接种[具体真菌名称缺失] sp. LC101显著促进了枸杞生长，在N0处理下效果最为明显，与未接种对照相比，根鲜重、根活力和叶片叶绿素含量分别提高了55.10%、15.69%和43.27%。此外，[具体真菌名称缺失] sp. LC101通过增强脲酶、亚硝酸还原酶和多酚氧化酶活性，同时抑制硝酸还原酶活性来调节根际氮转化。这些发现表明，[具体真菌名称缺失]对氮输入敏感，在中等氮水平下富集，并通过促进植物生长和调节氮循环发挥有益根际真菌的作用。本研究为枸杞产业的氮管理提供了新的见解，即通过“减氮结合微生物接种”的协同调控可以减少氮损失，通过功能真菌提高产量和品质，并有助于生态可持续性。
