Zhong Wanzhen, Luo Shiyun, Tao Guixian, Wan Jiayi, Fu Jinhan, Zeng Cunzi, Huang Jie, Chen Xi, Deng Nali, Zhang Weiwei, Gu Jing, Li Yan
School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou Health Supervision Institute, Guangzhou 510440, China.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 13;17(16):2618. doi: 10.3390/nu17162618.
Childhood metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a growing public health concern in China, with diet emerging as a critical modifiable risk factor. Although numerous studies have explored the relationship between dietary patterns and MetS, the specific influence of dietary patterns associated with serum uric acid (SUA) levels in the young population remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between an SUA-related dietary pattern and MetS risk among children aged 9-17 years in Guangzhou, China. : A cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangzhou from March 2023 to May 2024, including 4181 participants. To identify the dietary pattern associated with SUA, we employed reduced-rank regression (RRR) using 15 predefined food groups. The multivariate logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association between the SUA-related dietary pattern scores (as continuous variables and tertiles) and the risk of MetS and its five components. : The SUA-related dietary pattern was characterized by high consumption of meat & meat products and beverages, and low consumption of fresh vegetables, fresh fruits & their products, eggs, dairy products, and sugary food. After adjusting for confounding factors, each one-unit increase in the SUA-related dietary pattern score corresponded to 27% higher odds of MetS (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.00-1.62), and 24% higher odds of central obesity (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.11-1.38). In subgroup analyses, higher adherence to the SUA-related dietary pattern scores was linked to significantly increased odds of MetS (adjusted OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.18-2.42) and central obesity (adjusted OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.20-1.62) among participants with insufficient physical activity. Higher adherence to the SUA-related dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of MetS in Chinese children, particularly among those with insufficient physical activity. The results provide new insights into the relationship between dietary patterns and childhood MetS, offering dietary strategies focused on managing SUA levels to prevent MetS.
儿童代谢综合征（MetS）在中国已成为一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，饮食已成为一个关键的可改变风险因素。尽管众多研究探讨了饮食模式与MetS之间的关系，但饮食模式对年轻人群血清尿酸（SUA）水平的具体影响仍知之甚少。本研究旨在调查中国广州9至17岁儿童中与SUA相关的饮食模式与MetS风险之间的关系。：2023年3月至2024年5月在广州进行了一项横断面研究，包括4181名参与者。为了确定与SUA相关的饮食模式，我们使用降秩回归（RRR）方法，基于15个预先定义的食物组进行分析。应用多变量逻辑回归模型评估与SUA相关的饮食模式得分（作为连续变量和三分位数）与MetS及其五个组成部分风险之间的关联。：与SUA相关的饮食模式的特点是肉类及肉制品和饮料摄入量高，而新鲜蔬菜、新鲜水果及其制品、蛋类、乳制品和含糖食品摄入量低。在调整混杂因素后，与SUA相关的饮食模式得分每增加一个单位，MetS的患病几率就会增加27%（OR = 1.27，95%CI：1.00 - 1.62），中心性肥胖的患病几率增加24%（OR = 1.24，95%CI：1.11 - 1.38）。在亚组分析中，对于身体活动不足的参与者，更高程度地遵循与SUA相关的饮食模式得分与MetS（调整后OR = 1.69，95%CI：1.18 - 2.42）和中心性肥胖（调整后OR = 1.39，95%CI：1.20 - 1.62）的患病几率显著增加相关。在中国儿童中，更高程度地遵循与SUA相关的饮食模式与MetS的患病几率更高有关，尤其是在身体活动不足的儿童中。这些结果为饮食模式与儿童MetS之间的关系提供了新的见解，为预防MetS提供了侧重于管理SUA水平的饮食策略。
