Yoon Seong Woong, Lee Hunju, Choi Hyowon, Kang Yunkoo
Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea.
Department of Prevention Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients. 2025 Jul 10;17(14):2282. doi: 10.3390/nu17142282.
: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescence increases chronic disease risk in adulthood. No study has explored the combined effects of skeletal muscle strength and dietary patterns in MetS. This study aimed to examine the individual and combined effects of dietary patterns and HGS on MetS and its components in Korean adolescents. : Using the 2014-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, a weighted sample of approximately 3.75 million adolescents was included. Dietary patterns were derived using principal component analysis. Relative handgrip strength (HGS) was calculated. Multivariable logistic regression and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) were used to assess dietary patterns, HGS, and MetS, stratified by sex and adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, economic status, residential area, and physical activity. : Low HGS was independently associated with a high odds of developing MetS in both men (OR, 1.108; 95% CI, 1.038-1.182) and women (OR, 1.128; 95% CI, 1.047-1.216). In contrast, dietary pattern alone was not significantly associated with MetS. Men with both low HGS and unhealthy dietary patterns (processed fat or Western diet) had higher odds of developing MetS, even though the interaction was sub-additive, as indicated by negative RERI values (processed fat: -0.22; Western diet: -0.11). : Low HGS was a significant risk factor for MetS in Korean adolescents. Although no synergistic interaction was observed, low HGS remained a significant independent risk factor for MetS, underscoring the need to promote muscular strength in adolescents even in the absence of an unhealthy diet.
青少年代谢综合征（MetS）会增加成年后患慢性病的风险。尚无研究探讨骨骼肌力量和饮食模式对代谢综合征的综合影响。本研究旨在探讨饮食模式和握力（HGS）对韩国青少年代谢综合征及其组分的单独及综合影响。：利用2014 - 2019年韩国国家健康与营养检查调查数据，纳入了约375万青少年的加权样本。通过主成分分析得出饮食模式。计算相对握力（HGS）。采用多变量逻辑回归和交互作用引起的相对超额风险（RERI）来评估饮食模式、HGS和代谢综合征，按性别分层，并对年龄、吸烟、饮酒、经济状况、居住地区和身体活动进行了校正。：低HGS与男性（比值比[OR]，1.108；95%置信区间[CI]，1.038 - 1.182）和女性（OR，1.128；95% CI，1.047 - 1.216）患代谢综合征的高几率独立相关。相比之下，单独的饮食模式与代谢综合征无显著关联。低HGS且有不健康饮食模式（加工脂肪或西式饮食）的男性患代谢综合征的几率更高，尽管交互作用是次相加性的，如负RERI值所示（加工脂肪：-0.22；西式饮食：-0.11）。：低HGS是韩国青少年代谢综合征的一个重要危险因素。虽然未观察到协同交互作用，但低HGS仍然是代谢综合征的一个重要独立危险因素，这突出表明即使在没有不健康饮食的情况下也需要促进青少年的肌肉力量。
