Putilov Arcady A, Verevkin Evgeniy G
Independent Research Group, Biomedical Systems Math-Modeling, Berlin, Germany.
Laboratory of Sleep/Wake Neurobiology, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2025 Aug 22;17:1895-1913. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S543386. eCollection 2025.
There is sparse evidence on how circadian sleep timing is affected by 5 days on/2 days off school/work schedule. In an in silico study, we applied a model of sleep-wake regulation to highlight the difference in predictions based on two alternative explanations proposing either sun time or social time (eg, either solar midday or weekday risetime) as the major contributor to light entrainment of sleep timing. Self-reported sleep times were then used to confirm these predictions.
The difference between earlier and later weekday risers in weekend sleep timing their difference in weekday risetime were compared. This difference in weekday risetime is equal to the sum of differences in sleep phase shift on weekends and sleep loss on weekdays measured as the differences in weekend risetime and weekend-weekday gap in risetime, respectively. Three sets of samples were used for these estimations: 87 and 100 paired samples obtained before vs during lockdown and during early vs later school start time (five and three age subsets, respectively) and 1250 vs 1192 unpaired samples with weekday risetime not earlier vs later than 7 a.m. (five age subsets).
In any age subset, a shift in social time (weekday risetime) caused a shift in weekend sleep phase (weekend risetime) due to a shift in the 24-h pattern of exposure to light, but this sleep phase shift was less pronounced than the shift in social time.
Both social time and sun time substantially contribute to the light entrainment of circadian sleep timing.
关于5天上学/工作日加2天休息的日程安排如何影响昼夜睡眠节律，证据稀少。在一项计算机模拟研究中，我们应用了一个睡眠-觉醒调节模型，以突出基于两种不同解释的预测差异，这两种解释分别提出太阳时间或社交时间（例如，太阳正午或工作日起床时间）是睡眠节律光调节的主要因素。然后使用自我报告的睡眠时间来证实这些预测。
比较了工作日早起者和晚起者在周末睡眠节律上的差异以及他们在工作日起床时间上的差异。工作日起床时间的这种差异等于周末睡眠相位偏移和工作日睡眠不足的差异之和，分别以周末起床时间和周末与工作日起床时间间隔的差异来衡量。这些估计使用了三组样本：在封锁前与封锁期间以及开学时间早与晚时获得的87对和100对样本（分别为五个和三个年龄组），以及工作日起床时间不早于或晚于上午7点的1250个与1192个非配对样本（五个年龄组）。
在任何年龄组中，社交时间（工作日起床时间）的变化由于24小时光照模式的变化导致了周末睡眠相位（周末起床时间）的变化，但这种睡眠相位变化不如社交时间变化明显。
社交时间和太阳时间都对昼夜睡眠节律的光调节有重要作用。
