Hochgesand Maren, Egermann Hauke
Cologne Systematic Musicology Lab, Institute of Musicology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 29;15(1):31796. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13376-7.
Moving to the beat is one of the most natural human reactions while listening to music and can be defined as movement entrainment. Listeners' reactions to music have been discussed as the result of the music, the context, and the listener. However, as music is a social phenomenon typically performed in live settings, movement entrainment and its contributing factors have never been investigated in ecologically valid concerts. In a preliminary study (n = 42) during a rock/pop concert, we confirmed the validity of our method of measuring acceleration data of the audience with portable devices on the arm and torso. In our main study (n = 69), we measured audience data at two big band concerts with different conditions: One was seated, the other unseated. With several consecutive Hierarchical Linear Models, we identified factors predicting movement entrainment: location of measurement (arm vs. torso), metrical level (BPM vs. half- and double-time level), musical factors (the different pieces), concert condition (seated vs. unseated), and the personal characteristic of urge to dance. Our study shows that there are multiple factors contributing to movement entrainment and can be seen as a first step towards studying this phenomenon in ecologically valid concert settings.
随着音乐节奏摆动是人类听音乐时最自然的反应之一，可被定义为动作同步。听众对音乐的反应被认为是音乐、情境和听众三者共同作用的结果。然而，由于音乐是一种通常在现场表演的社会现象，动作同步及其影响因素从未在具有生态效度的音乐会中得到研究。在一项针对摇滚/流行音乐会的初步研究（n = 42）中，我们证实了使用手臂和躯干上的便携式设备测量观众加速度数据的方法的有效性。在我们的主要研究（n = 69）中，我们在两场不同条件的大型乐队音乐会上测量了观众数据：一场是坐着的，另一场是站着的。通过几个连续的分层线性模型，我们确定了预测动作同步的因素：测量位置（手臂与躯干）、节拍水平（每分钟节拍数与半速和双倍速水平）、音乐因素（不同曲目）、音乐会条件（坐着与站着）以及跳舞冲动的个人特征。我们的研究表明，有多个因素促成动作同步，这可被视为在具有生态效度的音乐会环境中研究这一现象的第一步。
