Fu Xiao, Huang Yingmin
Institute of High-Quality Development of Old Revolutionary Areas in the New Era, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
School of Civil Engineering and Surveying Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 28;15(1):31680. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-12654-8.
Counties represent a crucial spatial unit for achieving integrated urban-rural development and coordinated regional development. Promoting new urbanization(NU) at the county level in special-type regions such as revolutionary old base areas is an important pathway to realizing this goal. From the perspective of the Main Functional Zoning framework, this study selects 617 counties across 12 revolutionary old base areas in China as research units. An evaluation index system for new urbanization is constructed, and methods such as the Dagum Gini coefficient and geodetector are employed to reveal the spatial patterns and dynamic changes in county-level new urbanization from 2010 to 2020, as well as to explore the main influencing factors behind its spatial differentiation.The results indicate: (1) From 2010 to 2020, the level of new urbanization in county areas of revolutionary old base areas continued to rise, with an average annual growth rate of 8.59%. Counties with high urbanization levels were mainly concentrated in the Taihang Revolutionary Old Base Area, the Yimeng Revolutionary Old Base Area, and the Hailufeng Revolutionary Old Base Area. Additionally, urban districts and county-level cities with better development foundations also exhibited relatively higher urbanization indices.(2)From the perspective of Main Functional Zones, in both 2010 and 2020, the level of new urbanization followed the order key development zones > major grain-producing areas > key ecological function zones. However, the growth rate showed the opposite trend. The relative disparities between different Main Functional Zones have narrowed over time.(3) Natural conditions, human capital, socio-economic factors, policy support, and locational factors jointly shape the spatial pattern of new urbanization in revolutionary old base areas. Among these, socio-economic factors-represented by indicators such as rural residents' disposable income and per capita GDP-as well as human capital, play a dominant role, with significant differences observed across various Main Functional Zones.This study offers theoretical insights and policy implications for promoting differentiated and distinctive new urbanization pathways in county areas of revolutionary old base regions.
县域是实现城乡一体化发展和区域协调发展的关键空间单元。在革命老区等特殊类型地区的县域层面推进新型城镇化是实现这一目标的重要途径。本研究从主体功能区框架的视角出发，选取中国12个革命老区的617个县作为研究单元。构建了新型城镇化评价指标体系，并运用达格姆基尼系数和地理探测器等方法，揭示2010年至2020年县域新型城镇化的空间格局和动态变化，同时探究其空间分异背后的主要影响因素。研究结果表明：（1）2010年至2020年，革命老区县域新型城镇化水平持续上升，年均增长率为8.59%。城镇化水平较高的县主要集中在太行革命老区、沂蒙革命老区和海陆丰革命老区。此外，发展基础较好的市辖区和县级市的城镇化指数也相对较高。（2）从主体功能区来看，2010年和2020年新型城镇化水平均呈现重点开发区域＞主要粮食生产区＞重点生态功能区的顺序。然而，增长率呈现相反趋势。不同主体功能区之间的相对差距随时间逐渐缩小。（3）自然条件、人力资本、社会经济因素、政策支持和区位因素共同塑造了革命老区新型城镇化的空间格局。其中，以农村居民可支配收入和人均GDP等指标为代表的社会经济因素以及人力资本发挥着主导作用，不同主体功能区之间存在显著差异。本研究为推动革命老区县域差异化、特色化的新型城镇化路径提供了理论启示和政策建议。
