de Carvalho Bruno Reis, Arnaut Pedro Righetti, Lima Muniz Jorge Cunha, da Cruz Ferreira Hélvio, Furlani Nathana Rudio, Alves Warley Júnior, Pettigrew James Eugene, Hannas Melissa Izabel, da Silva Viana Gabriel
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Pettigrew Research Services US, Champaign, IL, USA.
BMC Vet Res. 2025 Aug 28;21(1):527. doi: 10.1186/s12917-025-04976-6.
A 10-day study was carried out to evaluated the effects of organic (zinc proteinate, ZnPro) and inorganic (zinc sulfate, ZnSO₄•H₂O) zinc supplementation on growth, tissue mineralization, mineral excretion, and antioxidant responses in broiler chickens. Male Cobb 500 chicks were allotted into 10 treatments, and ten replicates per treatment with five birds per replicate in a 2 × 5 factorial design. Dietary Zn was supplied at 0, 19, 38, 57, and 76 mg/kg. ZnPro feeds included proteinates for copper, iron, and manganese, while Zn-sulfate diets used inorganic salts. Body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) improved at 19 mg Zn/kg for both sources. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was optimized at 19 mg Zn/kg for ZnPro and 30 mg Zn/kg for Zn-sulfate. Interactive effect was observed for Zn intake, excretion and retention. At higher inclusion of ZnPro levels (≥ 38 mg Zn/kg), chicks showed increased Zn intake and excretion. ZnPro levels higher than ≥ 56 mg Zn/kg promoted higher Zn retention. Zn retention in liver and tibia were maximized at 38 mg Zn/kg for both sources, and were similar until 76 mg Zn/kg. ZnPro resulted in higher liver Zn concentration and greater tibia manganese (Mn) deposition, while Zn-sulfate increased liver iron (Fe) concentration. Additionally, Zn-sulfate enhanced glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in liver and breast muscle, while both sources modulated liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Both Zn sources supported growth and antioxidant responses, with optimal DWG levels at 30 mg Zn/kg for Zn-sulfate and 19 mg Zn/kg for ZnPro, highlighting greater efficiency of the organic source. Inorganic Zn further boosted GSH-Px activity, enhancing tissue antioxidant capacity, while ZnPro demonstrated advantages in tissue mineral retention. Further research on environmental impacts of Zn excretion from high ZnPro diets is recommended.
进行了一项为期10天的研究，以评估补充有机锌（蛋白锌，ZnPro）和无机锌（硫酸锌，ZnSO₄•H₂O）对肉鸡生长、组织矿化、矿物质排泄和抗氧化反应的影响。将雄性科宝500肉鸡分配到10个处理组中，采用2×5析因设计，每个处理组有10个重复，每个重复5只鸡。日粮锌含量分别为0、19、38、57和76mg/kg。ZnPro饲料中还含有铜、铁和锰的蛋白盐，而硫酸锌日粮使用的是无机盐。两种锌源在锌含量为19mg/kg时，体重（BW）和平均日增重（ADG）均有所提高。ZnPro在锌含量为19mg/kg时饲料转化率（FCR）最佳，硫酸锌在锌含量为30mg/kg时FCR最佳。观察到锌摄入量、排泄量和保留量存在交互作用。当ZnPro水平较高（≥38mg Zn/kg）时，雏鸡的锌摄入量和排泄量增加。ZnPro水平高于≥56mg Zn/kg时，锌保留量更高。两种锌源在锌含量为38mg/kg时肝脏和胫骨中的锌保留量均达到最大，在76mg/kg之前两者相似。ZnPro使肝脏锌浓度更高，胫骨锰（Mn）沉积更多，而硫酸锌则增加了肝脏铁（Fe）浓度。此外，硫酸锌提高了肝脏和胸肌中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性，而两种锌源均调节了肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性。两种锌源均支持生长和抗氧化反应，硫酸锌在锌含量为30mg/kg时日增重最佳，ZnPro在锌含量为19mg/kg时最佳，突出了有机锌源更高的效率。无机锌进一步提高了GSH-Px的活性，增强了组织抗氧化能力，而ZnPro在组织矿物质保留方面具有优势。建议进一步研究高ZnPro日粮锌排泄对环境的影响。
