Egenberg Herman, Lie Hanne Cathrine, Gerwing Jennifer, Menichetti Julia
Department of Behavioural Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. Box 1111, 0317, Oslo, Norway.
Health Services Research Unit (HØKH), Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 Aug 28;25(1):1137. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-13223-5.
Sharing medical information with patients is essential for patient-centered care, yet empirical research to guide information sharing in clinical practice is inconsistent and scattered across disciplines. Clinicians rarely use established models for sharing information, and patients inconsistently understand and remember the information shared.
Explore experts' views on the task of sharing information.
Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and reflexive thematic analysis.
We recruited fifteen expert clinical communication teachers from six countries, using the snowball method.
Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed by authors with both clinical, teaching and research experience, using reflexive thematic analysis.
We conceived four themes addressing the task of sharing information. The overarching theme was: (1) Sharing information with patients should be a dialogue, not a lecture. Further, to improve how they share information with patients, clinicians might want to: (2) Help the patient process emotions; (3) Explore the patient's knowledge and perspective; (4) Tailor and structure the information. Each theme included common challenges and solutions for clinicians.
The findings align with and expand current models for communicating with patients. The themes integrate knowledge from different disciplines, such as psychology, medicine and communication science. The findings provide support for the role of information sharing in patient-centered care and shared decision making. The findings can guide clinicians in the task of sharing information with patients and shape curriculum and training development.
与患者共享医疗信息对于以患者为中心的医疗至关重要，但指导临床实践中信息共享的实证研究并不一致，且分散在各个学科。临床医生很少使用既定的信息共享模式，患者对所共享信息的理解和记忆也不一致。
探讨专家对信息共享任务的看法。
采用半结构化访谈和反思性主题分析的定性研究。
我们使用滚雪球法从六个国家招募了15名临床沟通专家教师。
访谈进行录音、转录，由具有临床、教学和研究经验的作者使用反思性主题分析进行分析。
我们构思了四个与信息共享任务相关的主题。总体主题是：（1）与患者共享信息应该是对话，而不是讲座。此外，为了改善与患者共享信息的方式，临床医生可能希望：（2）帮助患者处理情绪；（3）探索患者的知识和观点；（4）调整信息并构建其结构。每个主题都包括临床医生面临的常见挑战和解决方案。
研究结果与当前与患者沟通的模式一致并有所扩展。这些主题整合了来自不同学科的知识，如心理学、医学和传播学。研究结果为信息共享在以患者为中心的医疗和共同决策中的作用提供了支持。研究结果可以指导临床医生与患者共享信息的任务，并塑造课程和培训发展。
