扩张型心肌病患者血清Foxc2水平下调：与疾病严重程度及心功能的关系

Downregulation of serum Foxc2 in dilated cardiomyopathy: association with disease severity and cardiac function.

作者信息

Cai Yufu, Huang Qionghui, Zhi Shaobin, Guo Guixian, Huang Mingfeng, Tang Xiaoyan

机构信息

The Fourth Department of Cardiovasular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.

Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Affiliated Meizhou Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, PR China.

出版信息

Future Sci OA. 2025 Dec;11(1):2552085. doi: 10.1080/20565623.2025.2552085. Epub 2025 Aug 29.

BACKGROUND

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the most frequent non-ischemic causes of heart failure. Foxc2 has been implicated in cardiovascular disease and angiogenesis, but its role in DCM remains undefined. This study aimed to compare serum Foxc2 levels in DCM and non-DCM patients and to assess its clinical relevance.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, 92 patients (53 DCM, 39 non-DCM) were enrolled. Based on echocardiographic and clinical evaluations, patients were classified into non-DCM group (n = 39) and DCM group (n = 53). Serum Foxc2 concentrations were measured via ELISA, and correlations were analyzed with echocardiographic parameters and biomarkers (BNP, cTnI). ROC analysis assessed Foxc2's diagnostic performance, and Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated 2-year MACE risk.

RESULTS

Serum Foxc2 levels were significantly lower in the DCM group (35.33 ± 27.99 μg/mL vs. 77.51 ± 28.94 μg/mL), and correlated with cardiac function (positive: LVEF, LVFS; negative: LVEDd, BNP, cTnI). ROC analysis demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for Foxc2 (AUC 0.862). Patients with Foxc2 levels≥ 33.945 μg/mL showed a reduction in 2-year MACE risk (HR 0.187) compared to those with levels below the threshold.

CONCLUSION

Foxc2 may serve as a promising biomarker for DCM diagnosis and prognosis, supporting for further mechanistic investigations.

背景

扩张型心肌病（DCM）是心力衰竭最常见的非缺血性病因之一。Foxc2已被证实与心血管疾病和血管生成有关，但其在DCM中的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在比较DCM患者和非DCM患者的血清Foxc2水平，并评估其临床相关性。

方法

在这项回顾性研究中，纳入了92例患者（53例DCM患者，39例非DCM患者）。根据超声心动图和临床评估，将患者分为非DCM组（n = 39）和DCM组（n = 53）。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测量血清Foxc2浓度，并分析其与超声心动图参数和生物标志物（脑钠肽（BNP）、心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI））的相关性。ROC分析评估Foxc2的诊断性能，Kaplan-Meier分析评估2年主要不良心血管事件（MACE）风险。

结果

DCM组血清Foxc2水平显著降低（35.33±27.99μg/mL vs. 77.51±28.94μg/mL），且与心功能相关（正相关：左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室短轴缩短率（LVFS）；负相关：左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDd）、BNP、cTnI）。ROC分析显示Foxc2具有较高的诊断准确性（曲线下面积（AUC）为0.862）。与Foxc2水平低于阈值的患者相比，Foxc2水平≥33.945μg/mL的患者2年MACE风险降低（风险比（HR）为0.187）。