Bajor Laura A, Balsara Charmi, Osser David N
Mental Health & Behavioral Sciences Service, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, United States.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, United States.
Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2025 Aug 11;35(Suppl 1):S135-S140. doi: 10.5152/pcp.2025.241041.
Since the last publication of the Psychopharmacology Algorithm Project at the Harvard South Shore Program Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) algorithm in 2022, additional evidence has reinforced key treatment recommendations. Prazosin remains the first-line treatment for PTSD-related sleep impairment, including nightmares and disturbed awakenings, and it may be useful for individuals with comorbid alcohol use disorder and comorbid headaches. After treating PTSD insomnia, if significant daytime symptoms remain, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ( SSRI, sertraline or paroxetine are suggested), and this may be augmented by an antipsychotic (consider aripiprazole first) if psychotic symptoms, if any, do not respond to the SSRI. If results are still unsatisfactory, a second SSRI or a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) could be considered, though they offer no benefit for hyperarousal symptoms, and prazosin may also be tried for residual daytime symptoms. This update also evaluates emerging treatments, including transcranial magnetic stimulation, direct current stimulation, stellate ganglion block, and pimavanserin, though concluding that current evidence does not yet warrant their inclusion in the core algorithm. This update provides clinicians with an evidenceinformed approach to pharmacological PTSD management based on the latest available data.
自2022年哈佛南岸项目创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)算法的精神药理学算法项目上次发布以来,更多证据强化了关键治疗建议。哌唑嗪仍然是治疗与PTSD相关的睡眠障碍(包括噩梦和觉醒障碍)的一线药物,对合并酒精使用障碍和合并头痛的患者可能也有用。治疗PTSD失眠后,如果白天仍有明显症状,建议使用选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI,建议使用舍曲林或帕罗西汀),如果有精神病性症状且对SSRI无反应,可加用抗精神病药物(首选阿立哌唑)。如果结果仍不令人满意,可考虑使用第二种SSRI或选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRI),不过它们对过度觉醒症状无益处,对于残留的白天症状也可尝试使用哌唑嗪。本次更新还评估了新兴治疗方法,包括经颅磁刺激、直流电刺激、星状神经节阻滞和匹莫范色林,不过得出的结论是,目前的证据尚不支持将它们纳入核心算法。本次更新为临床医生提供了一种基于最新可用数据的循证药理学PTSD管理方法。