Yilihamu Gulimire, Aierxiding Shalayiding
First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.
Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Aug 13;13:1608525. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1608525. eCollection 2025.
Cancer constitutes a significant public health issue globally. according to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for 10% of all deaths in 2020-2022. GLOBOCAN 2020 data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) show that age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) in developed nations are markedly higher than those in developing countries. For instance, Australia reports an ASR of 468.0 per 100,000, while India's ASR stands at only 97.1 per 100,000. This discrepancy can be attributed partly to more robust cancer registration systems, extensive screening programs, and cancer education prevalent in developed countries. Notably, the participation rate in breast cancer screening in the United States surpasses 70%, in contrast to less than 20% in certain African regions, as reported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Through a systematic review, this paper examines the gaps in cancer education policies, resource allocation, educational approaches, public awareness, and healthcare system support between developed and developing countries, proposing strategies to bridge these gaps. The research reveals that developed countries boast well-established policy support, ample financial investment, and advanced educational technologies in cancer education. In contrast, with a later start, developing countries face challenges such as resource scarcity, incomplete policies, and insufficient public awareness. To narrow these disparities, developing countries must strengthen policy support, increase financial investment, particularly in rural areas, improve cancer prevention and control legislation, enhance the accessibility and quality of cancer education, promote innovative educational methods, and elevate public awareness of cancer prevention and control.
癌症是全球重大的公共卫生问题。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的数据，癌症是全球第二大常见死因，在2020 - 2022年占所有死亡人数的10%。国际癌症研究机构（IARC）的GLOBOCAN 2020数据显示，发达国家的年龄标准化发病率（ASR）明显高于发展中国家。例如，澳大利亚报告的ASR为每10万人468.0例，而印度的ASR仅为每10万人97.1例。这种差异部分可归因于发达国家更完善的癌症登记系统、广泛的筛查项目以及普遍的癌症教育。值得注意的是，美国国家癌症研究所（NCI）报告称，美国乳腺癌筛查的参与率超过70%，而某些非洲地区的参与率不到20%。本文通过系统综述，研究了发达国家和发展中国家在癌症教育政策、资源分配、教育方法、公众意识和医疗系统支持方面的差距，并提出弥合这些差距的策略。研究表明，发达国家在癌症教育方面拥有完善的政策支持、充足的资金投入和先进的教育技术。相比之下，发展中国家起步较晚，面临资源稀缺、政策不完善和公众意识不足等挑战。为了缩小这些差距，发展中国家必须加强政策支持，增加资金投入，特别是在农村地区，完善癌症防治立法，提高癌症教育的可及性和质量，推广创新教育方法，提高公众对癌症防治的认识。
