Liu Shiwei
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2968:401-413. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4750-9_24.
During mitotic exit in metazoans, the properly segregated chromosome mass is typically enclosed by the newly formed nuclear envelope to form a single nucleus in each daughter cell. On the other hand, mis-segregated chromosomes that lag behind can also undergo nuclear envelope assembly, leading to the formation of atypical nuclear structures such as micronuclei. Micronuclei are commonly observed in cancer and are known to cause extensive genome alterations such as chromothripsis. Recent studies highlight that micronuclei frequently exhibit fragile nuclear envelopes and undergo defective nuclear envelope assembly, which are linked to numerous adverse consequences, including abnormal DNA replication, DNA damage, transcriptional defects, and proinflammatory immune responses. In this chapter, I describe methods to examine nuclear envelope assembly on micronuclei during chromosome mis-segregation.
在后生动物有丝分裂退出过程中，正确分离的染色体团通常被新形成的核膜包围，从而在每个子细胞中形成一个单核。另一方面，滞后的错误分离染色体也可进行核膜组装，导致形成非典型核结构，如微核。微核在癌症中很常见，已知会导致广泛的基因组改变，如染色体碎裂。最近的研究强调，微核经常表现出脆弱的核膜，并经历有缺陷的核膜组装，这与许多不良后果有关，包括异常DNA复制、DNA损伤、转录缺陷和促炎免疫反应。在本章中，我描述了在染色体错误分离过程中检测微核上核膜组装的方法。
