Sadeghian-Sharif Saeid, Omidvar Nasrin, Mohammdi-Nasrabadi Fatemeh, Babashahi Mina
Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Food Nutr Bull. 2025 Sep 1:3795721251364648. doi: 10.1177/03795721251364648.
BackgroundIran has developed a comprehensive action plan aimed at reducing premature mortality as a result of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) by 25% by 2025.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe and assess current policies and actions that public sectors in Iran are taking to create healthy food environments for prevention and management of obesity, NCDs, and their related inequalities.MethodsThe Healthy Food Environment Policy Index was the principal tool used, and interaction with key stakeholders was the main approach. Available evidence of policy implementation was collated for 47 good practice indicators across 13 policy and infrastructure support domains through searches on institutional websites and verified by government stakeholders. The final evidence report was rated by a national expert panel based on the level of implementation compared to international best practices.ResultsOverall, 89 relevant documents were identified, classified, and analyzed, comprising 5 constitutional laws or general policies, 20 parliamentary mandates, 5 national documents, 22 national regulations, and 37 national programs which were categorized into policy ( = 62) and infrastructure ( = 42) components. Notably, the highest level of evidence was observed in Leadership5 (14 documents), Provision1 (13 documents), and Provision2 (8 documents). No indicator was rated as "high" implementation, while nearly two-thirds of the indicators were rated as low or very low.ConclusionsDespite the Iranian government's broad landscape in supporting policies that help create healthier food environments. The findings also show the need to reform all of their policies and supportive infrastructure in order to achieve significant results.
背景
伊朗制定了一项全面行动计划，旨在到2025年将非传染性疾病（NCDs）导致的过早死亡人数减少25%。
目的
本研究旨在描述和评估伊朗公共部门为预防和管理肥胖、非传染性疾病及其相关不平等现象而营造健康食品环境所采取的现行政策和行动。
方法
主要使用了健康食品环境政策指数，并将与关键利益相关者的互动作为主要方法。通过在机构网站上搜索，整理了13个政策和基础设施支持领域中47个良好实践指标的政策实施现有证据，并经政府利益相关者核实。最终的证据报告由一个国家专家小组根据与国际最佳实践相比的实施水平进行评级。
结果
总体而言，共识别、分类和分析了89份相关文件，包括5部宪法法律或一般政策、20项议会授权、5份国家文件、22项国家法规和37项国家计划，这些文件被分为政策（=62）和基础设施（=42）两部分。值得注意的是，在领导力5（14份文件）、供应1（13份文件）和供应2（8份文件）方面观察到的证据水平最高。没有指标被评为“高”实施水平，而近三分之二的指标被评为低或非常低。
结论
尽管伊朗政府在支持有助于营造更健康食品环境的政策方面有着广泛的举措。研究结果还表明，需要改革其所有政策和支持性基础设施，以取得显著成效。
