Nam Hyeri, Yin Lulu, Chen Peng, Wang Lin
School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2025 Sep 1;25(3):328-340. doi: 10.22540/JMNI-25-328.
This study examined the effects of vibration frequency and additional loading on lower limb muscle activation and coactivation during whole-body vibration (WBV) training in recreational runners.
Twenty-five male runners performed WBV training at six frequencies (0-50 Hz) under two loading conditions (no load vs. 20% body mass). Surface electromyography was used to record electromyography root mean square (EMGrms) in 11 lower limb muscles. Coactivation of six muscles was analyzed using the time-varying multi-muscle coactivation function. 1D statistical parametric mapping and two-way repeated-measures ANOVA were used to assess differences.
EMGrms was significantly influenced by vibration frequency and loading. Additional loading increased activation in the gluteus maximus, quadriceps, hamstrings, and soleus (p < 0.001). Frequency effects were notable in the gluteus maximus and hamstrings, with 10-30 Hz inducing higher muscular activation than the no-vibration case (p < 0.01). Coactivation was significantly high with loading (p < 0.001), particularly during the eccentric squat phase, but frequency had no significant effect.
Additional loading enhances muscle activation and coactivation, and vibration frequency primarily affects muscular activation. These findings highlight the importance of external load and frequency in optimizing WBV training for enhancing sports performance and preventing injuries in runners.
本研究探讨了振动频率和额外负荷对休闲跑者全身振动（WBV）训练期间下肢肌肉激活和共同激活的影响。
25名男性跑步者在两种负荷条件下（无负荷与体重的20%）以六种频率（0 - 50Hz）进行WBV训练。使用表面肌电图记录11块下肢肌肉的肌电图均方根（EMGrms）。使用时变多肌肉共同激活函数分析六种肌肉的共同激活情况。采用一维统计参数映射和双向重复测量方差分析来评估差异。
EMGrms受振动频率和负荷的显著影响。额外负荷增加了臀大肌、股四头肌、腘绳肌和比目鱼肌的激活（p < 0.001）。频率效应在臀大肌和腘绳肌中较为显著，10 - 30Hz引起的肌肉激活高于无振动情况（p < 0.01）。负荷时共同激活显著升高（p < 0.001），尤其是在离心蹲阶段，但频率没有显著影响。
额外负荷增强了肌肉激活和共同激活，振动频率主要影响肌肉激活。这些发现凸显了外部负荷和频率在优化WBV训练以提高跑步者运动表现和预防损伤方面的重要性。
