Wei Qiaoli, Yao Junwei, Zheng Weitao
Key Laboratory of Sports Engineering of General Administration of Sport of China, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430079, Hubei, China.
The College of Sports Science and Technology of Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, 430205, Hubei, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Sep 1;15(1):32169. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15015-7.
Physical education and traditional sports are gaining increasing importance for comprehensive development, making the systemic design of classrooms necessary. Well-designed physical education rooms encourage students to participate in both curricular and extracurricular activities. With a well-structured classroom, opportunities for various teaching methods are available, and everyone is encouraged to participate. The research presents a novel approach to applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) within multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) to design physical education classroom environments. The MCDM approach facilitates the successful evaluation of superior options among multiple alternatives. Through AHP processes, decision-makers can evaluate the importance of criteria by making pairwise comparisons until they identify the most suitable choice. The q-rung ortho pair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) framework extends fuzzy sets with a more sophisticated system that shows both the degree of membership (DoM) and degree of non-membership (DoNM) throughout the [Formula: see text] interval with a large range. The Sugeno-Weber t-norm (TNM) and t-conorm (TCNM) play a significant role in modeling flexible fuzzy systems, offering more control over how fuzzy sets interact. Due to their adjustable parameters, they can easily aggregate complex information. We aimed to develop aggregation operators (AOs) based on the AHP, combined with Sugeno-Weber TNM and TCNM, known as q-rung orthopair fuzzy Sugeno-Weber weighted averaging (q-ROFSWWA) and q-rung orthopair fuzzy Sugeno-Weber weighted geometric (q-ROFSWWG) operators, to address current needs. Additionally, the paper describes an improved combined compromise solution (CCS) methodology to determine the precise ranking of alternatives. Then, we presented the MCDM algorithms of the developed q-ROFSWWA and COCOSO approach under AHP and q-ROFS information. Through practical examples, we rank the four different classes for physical education, including versatile equipment, integration of outdoor spaces, adaptable and versatile environments, and safety and comfort features. We apply our proposed theory to investigate four alternatives, and the obtained result is "integration of outdoor spaces." To demonstrate the importance of the proposed approach, we conduct a comparative analysis to investigate authenticity and validation. Then, we provide a conclusion. The graphical abstract of the article is provided in Fig. 1.
体育教育和传统体育对于全面发展日益重要，这使得体育教室的系统设计成为必要。精心设计的体育教室鼓励学生参与课程和课外活动。有了结构良好的教室，就有了采用各种教学方法的机会，并且鼓励每个人都参与。该研究提出了一种在多准则决策（MCDM）中应用层次分析法（AHP）来设计体育教室环境的新颖方法。MCDM方法有助于在多个备选方案中成功评估出更优选项。通过AHP过程，决策者可以通过进行成对比较来评估准则的重要性，直到确定最合适的选择。q阶正交对模糊集（q-ROFS）框架通过一个更复杂的系统扩展了模糊集，该系统在较大范围的[公式：见原文]区间内同时显示隶属度（DoM）和非隶属度（DoNM）。Sugeno-Weber三角模（TNM）和三角余模（TCNM）在灵活模糊系统建模中发挥着重要作用，能对模糊集的相互作用提供更多控制。由于其参数可调，它们能够轻松聚合复杂信息。我们旨在基于AHP开发聚合算子（AO），结合Sugeno-Weber TNM和TCNM，即q阶正交对模糊Sugeno-Weber加权平均（q-ROFSWWA）和q阶正交对模糊Sugeno-Weber加权几何（q-ROFSWWG）算子，以满足当前需求。此外，本文描述了一种改进的组合折衷解（CCS）方法来确定备选方案的精确排名。然后，我们给出了在AHP和q-ROFS信息下所开发的q-ROFSWWA和COCOSO方法的MCDM算法。通过实际例子，我们对四个不同的体育教室进行排名，包括多功能设备、户外空间整合、适应性和多功能性环境以及安全舒适特征。我们应用所提出的理论来研究四个备选方案，得到的结果是“户外空间整合”。为了证明所提出方法的重要性，我们进行了对比分析以研究其真实性和有效性。然后，我们给出结论。文章的图形摘要见图1。
