Tao Chengpin, Mao Changkun, Cao Yongsheng
Department of Pediatric Urology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, 39 Wangjiang East Road, Baohu District, Hefei, 230000, China.
Pediatr Surg Int. 2025 Sep 2;41(1):282. doi: 10.1007/s00383-025-06179-4.
To investigate the clinical features, surgical outcomes, and prognosis of testicular epidermoid cysts in children, to enhance the understanding of this rare benign lesion, reduce misdiagnosis and overtreatment, optimize clinical decision-making, and improve the quality of life in affected children. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 23 pediatric patients with testicular epidermoid cysts treated at our hospital between September 2015 and April 2024. Data collected included age, laterality, disease duration, AFP levels, tumor size, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and length of hospital stay. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. All 23 cases involved unilateral lesions, with 9 on the left and 14 on the right. The mean age was 75.2 ± 43.6 months. The median interval from discovery to consultation was 15 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 7-180 days). The median preoperative AFP level was 1.3 ng/ml (IQR: 0.50-2.5 ng/ml), with only one case showing a significant elevation (22.90 ng/ml). The median maximum diameter of the lesions was 1.0 cm (IQR: 0.8-1.2 cm). All patients underwent testis-sparing tumor enucleation, with a mean operative time of 45.3 ± 13.0 min and a median intraoperative blood loss of 2.0 ml (IQR: 1.0-2.0 ml). The median hospital stay was 3.0 days (IQR: 2.0-3.0 days). All patients recovered well postoperatively, with no recurrence or testicular atrophy observed during follow-up. Testicular epidermoid cysts are rare in children and typically present as painless scrotal masses. Preoperative imaging aids in diagnosis, while intraoperative frozen-section pathology facilitates testis-sparing surgery. Definitive diagnosis depends on postoperative histopathology. Tumor enucleation is minimally invasive, effective, and associated with excellent prognosis, making it the preferred treatment approach for this condition.
为研究儿童睾丸表皮样囊肿的临床特征、手术效果及预后，以增进对这种罕见良性病变的认识，减少误诊和过度治疗，优化临床决策，并提高患病儿童的生活质量。对2015年9月至2024年4月在我院接受治疗的23例儿童睾丸表皮样囊肿患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。收集的数据包括年龄、患侧、病程、甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平、肿瘤大小、手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间。进行描述性统计分析。23例均为单侧病变，左侧9例，右侧14例。平均年龄为75.2±43.6个月。从发现到就诊的中位间隔时间为15天（四分位间距[IQR]：7 - 180天）。术前AFP水平的中位数为1.3 ng/ml（IQR：0.50 - 2.5 ng/ml），仅1例显著升高（22.90 ng/ml）。病变的最大直径中位数为1.0 cm（IQR：0.8 - 1.2 cm）。所有患者均接受了保留睾丸的肿瘤剜除术，平均手术时间为45.3±13.0分钟，术中出血量中位数为2.0 ml（IQR：为1.0 - 2.0 ml）。住院时间中位数为3.0天（IQR：2.0 - 3.0天）。所有患者术后恢复良好，随访期间未观察到复发或睾丸萎缩。睾丸表皮样囊肿在儿童中罕见，通常表现为无痛性阴囊肿块。术前影像学检查有助于诊断，术中冰冻切片病理检查便于进行保留睾丸的手术。明确诊断取决于术后组织病理学检查。肿瘤剜除术微创、有效且预后良好，是这种疾病的首选治疗方法。
