Alyabsi Mesnad S, Almousa Lolwah, Alqarni Anwar H, Aldawsari Asma, Alnasser Lubna, Almutairi Adel F
Department of Population Health, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Population Health, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2025 Jul 23;103:100809. doi: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2025.100809. eCollection 2025.
Continuous updates in management guidelines for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have affected treatment patterns. In this study, we aimed to identify the prevalence of initiating various antidiabetic medications and analyze differences in patient characteristics based on the type of treatment initiated.
This cross-sectional study used data retrieved from the electronic medical records of the National Guard Health Affairs for all patients diagnosed with T2DM who initiated any antidiabetic therapy between January 2018 and May 2022. Patient data were presented using frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations where applicable. The antidiabetic classes investigated include metformin, insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors.
In total, 433 patients with T2DM were included in this study, most of whom were females (55.66% vs 44.34%) and obese (61.20%), with a mean age of 53.29 years (SD ± 15.22). Monotherapy was the most commonly initiated approach (66.28%), with insulin being the most prescribed monotherapy (29.10%). The most frequent combination therapy was metformin and sulfonylureas (7.16%). Overall, the most initiated medication was metformin, accounting for 37.12% of all prescriptions. Additionally, there was an increasing trend in prescribing newer medications, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists (8.70%) and SGLT-2 inhibitors (11.11%), for newly diagnosed patients in 2021.
The initiation of novel antidiabetic medications has increased over the study period, reflecting recent updates in T2DM management guidelines. However, further understanding of their benefits is required for optimal patient care.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）管理指南的不断更新影响了治疗模式。在本研究中，我们旨在确定开始使用各种抗糖尿病药物的患病率，并根据开始的治疗类型分析患者特征的差异。
这项横断面研究使用了从国民警卫队卫生事务部电子病历中检索到的数据，这些数据来自于2018年1月至2022年5月期间开始接受任何抗糖尿病治疗的所有T2DM患者。患者数据在适用时使用频率、百分比、均值和标准差进行呈现。所研究的抗糖尿病药物类别包括二甲双胍、胰岛素、磺脲类、噻唑烷二酮类、二肽基肽酶-4抑制剂、胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂和钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂。
本研究共纳入433例T2DM患者，其中大多数为女性（55.66%对44.34%）且肥胖（61.20%），平均年龄为53.29岁（标准差±15.22）。单一疗法是最常用的起始治疗方法（66.28%），胰岛素是最常处方的单一疗法（29.10%）。最常见的联合治疗是二甲双胍和磺脲类（7.16%）。总体而言，起始使用最多的药物是二甲双胍，占所有处方的37.12%。此外，2021年新诊断患者使用新型药物如GLP-1受体激动剂（8.70%）和SGLT-2抑制剂（11.11%）的处方呈上升趋势。
在研究期间，新型抗糖尿病药物的起始使用有所增加，这反映了T2DM管理指南的最新更新。然而，为了实现最佳的患者护理，需要进一步了解它们的益处。
