Schomberg-Sanchez Isaac S, Janusz Wilmar A, Lemon Christopher M
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
J Coord Chem. 2025 Aug 5. doi: 10.1080/00958972.2025.2539945.
Dipyrrin has proven to be a versatile ligand platform for metals across the periodic table. Since much of the coordination chemistry has focused on transition metals, main-group dipyrrin chemistry has been underexplored, particularly in the case of heavy p-block elements. Boron dipyrrin complexes (also known as BODIPY) were initially reported in 1968, yet the first well-characterized example of a heavy p-block dipyrrin complex was in 2006. This nascent area of research has undergone a significant surge, where nearly half of the reports in this field have been published since 2019. Given this renewed interest and rapid development, we provide a focused review on heavy p-block dipyrrin complexes, describing the synthesis, structure, and spectroscopy of these molecules. One significant aspect of these complexes is their optical properties, which access red and near-infrared wavelengths with high quantum yields. While these main-group dipyrrins have been used as catalysts, they have also been leveraged for a variety of biological applications including photodynamic therapy, tumor imaging, and cytotoxic drugs. With the advent of synthetic methods for these novel p-block complexes, dipyrrins can begin to interface with recent advances and applications of main-group chemistry, potentially offering advantages over other ligand platforms.
二吡咯已被证明是一种适用于元素周期表中各种金属的多功能配体平台。由于大部分配位化学研究都集中在过渡金属上，主族二吡咯化学尚未得到充分探索，尤其是在重p区元素的情况下。硼二吡咯配合物（也称为BODIPY）最初于1968年被报道，但第一个得到充分表征的重p区二吡咯配合物实例出现在2006年。这个新兴的研究领域经历了显著的发展热潮，自2019年以来，该领域近一半的报告已经发表。鉴于这种新的兴趣和快速发展，我们对重p区二吡咯配合物进行了重点综述，描述了这些分子的合成、结构和光谱。这些配合物的一个重要方面是它们的光学性质，能够以高量子产率获得红色和近红外波长。虽然这些主族二吡咯已被用作催化剂，但它们也被用于多种生物应用，包括光动力疗法、肿瘤成像和细胞毒性药物。随着这些新型p区配合物合成方法的出现，二吡咯可以开始与主族化学的最新进展和应用相结合，可能比其他配体平台具有优势。
