Coccaro Ambra, Cheng Ziwei, Ruzic Luka, Moser Amelia D, Jones Jenna, Peterson Elena C, Stern Elisa F, Friedman Naomi P, Kaiser Roselinde H
Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado.
Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci. 2025 Jul 8;5(6):100563. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2025.100563. eCollection 2025 Nov.
Adolescence is a developmental period of increased prevalence of mood disorders, but identifying adolescents who are at risk for or resilient to mood pathology remains a clinical challenge. In the current study, we addressed this challenge by evaluating multidimensional profiles of neurocognitive functioning (biotypes) that may confer vulnerability or protect against psychopathology. Biotypes were derived from neurocognitive data and identified as being resilient or high risk based on their association with future symptoms.
Adolescents ( = 146; 13-21 years, 66% first-degree familial history of mood disorders) completed behavioral tests and magnetic resonance imaging at baseline. Biotypes were derived using cluster analysis on measures of reward sensitivity and executive functioning. Over 2 years, participants reported on subjective life stress and symptoms of anhedonia or mania/hypomania. Regression analyses were used to test biotype differences in symptom variability (lability in mood symptoms) and life stress as a moderator of biotype-related differences.
Biotype 1 (high executive functions, balanced integration/segregation of functional brain networks) was resilient: adolescents in this biotype reported low symptom variability, even under heightened life stress. Adolescents in biotype 2 (poor executive functions, low frontoparietal modularity) reported higher variability in symptoms of mania/hypomania overall. Adolescents in biotype 3 (mixed reward sensitivity, high overall network modularity) reported high variability in symptoms of anhedonia and mania/hypomania, if also reporting heightened life stress. Adolescents in biotype 4 (blunted reward decision processing, hyperconnected networks) reported high variability in symptoms of anhedonia, if also reporting heightened life stress.
Neurocognitive biotypes may identify adolescents who are resilient to, or at risk for, mood pathology.
青春期是情绪障碍患病率上升的发育阶段，但识别有情绪病理风险或具有情绪恢复力的青少年仍然是一项临床挑战。在本研究中，我们通过评估可能导致易感性或预防精神病理学的神经认知功能多维概况（生物类型）来应对这一挑战。生物类型源自神经认知数据，并根据其与未来症状的关联被确定为具有恢复力或高风险。
青少年（n = 146；13 - 21岁，66%有情绪障碍一级家族史）在基线时完成行为测试和磁共振成像。生物类型通过对奖励敏感性和执行功能测量进行聚类分析得出。在两年多的时间里，参与者报告主观生活压力以及快感缺失或躁狂/轻躁狂症状。回归分析用于测试生物类型在症状变异性（情绪症状的不稳定性）方面的差异，以及生活压力作为生物类型相关差异的调节因素。
生物类型1（高执行功能，功能性脑网络平衡整合/分离）具有恢复力：该生物类型的青少年报告症状变异性低，即使在生活压力增加的情况下也是如此。生物类型2（执行功能差，额顶叶模块化低）的青少年总体上报告躁狂/轻躁狂症状变异性较高。生物类型3（奖励敏感性混合，整体网络模块化高）的青少年报告快感缺失和躁狂/轻躁狂症状变异性高，如果他们也报告生活压力增加。生物类型4（奖励决策处理迟钝，网络过度连接）的青少年报告快感缺失症状变异性高，如果他们也报告生活压力增加。
神经认知生物类型可能识别出对情绪病理具有恢复力或有风险的青少年。
