Vasconcelos Loren Cristina, Mendes Luiza Alves, Dos Santos Bergamin Aline, Martins Geisiele Silva, da Silva Kaoany Ferreira, Scotá Mayla Bessa, da Silva Izidio Isabelly, de Oliveira Jéssika Santos, Dos Santos Suelane Costa, Silva Rafael Resende Assis, de Abreu Oliveira Arthur Vinicius, de Oliveira Taíla Veloso, Carrijo Tatiana Tavares, Praça-Fontes Milene Miranda
Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Agroquímica, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2025 Sep 2;15(1):32327. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-18224-2.
Essential oils offer a viable alternative to traditional agrochemicals, mitigating problems such as environmental contamination and weed resistance. However, application faces challenges such as low solubility in water and rapid environmental degradation. To overcome these limitations, nanoemulsions containing essential oils from Piper amalago L. and Piper dilatatum Rich were formulated using ultrasonic homogenization. These nanoemulsions were investigated for their herbicidal properties through phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic activity assays using weed plants Bidens pilosa L. and Lolium multiflorum Lam., and model plant Lactuca sativa L. The results indicated that the nanoemulsions presented nanometric-sized droplets (~ 10 nm), PDI close to 0, and greater thermal stability compared to essential oils. The nanoemulsions exerted an inhibitory effect on germination and growth of plants studied, possibly due to cytogenotoxic and mutagenic damages observed. Furthermore, content of photosynthetic pigments was affected, indicating oxidative damage and changes in chlorophyll metabolism.
精油为传统农用化学品提供了一种可行的替代方案，可缓解环境污染和杂草抗性等问题。然而，其应用面临着诸如在水中溶解度低和环境中快速降解等挑战。为了克服这些限制，使用超声均质法制备了含有亚马罗派珀（Piper amalago L.）和阔叶派珀（Piper dilatatum Rich）精油的纳米乳液。通过使用杂草植物三叶鬼针草（Bidens pilosa L.）和多花黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum Lam.）以及模式植物生菜（Lactuca sativa L.）进行植物毒性和细胞遗传毒性活性测定，对这些纳米乳液的除草性能进行了研究。结果表明，与精油相比，纳米乳液呈现出纳米级大小的液滴（约10纳米），多分散指数接近0，并且具有更高的热稳定性。纳米乳液对所研究植物的发芽和生长产生了抑制作用，这可能是由于观察到的细胞遗传毒性和诱变损伤所致。此外，光合色素的含量受到影响，表明存在氧化损伤和叶绿素代谢变化。
