BACKGROUND: Chemoresistance remains a pivotal challenge in the clinical management of breast cancer. A systematic dissection of global research trends, evolutionary hotspots, and emerging frontiers in this field is imperative for advancing therapeutic strategies. METHODS: Relevant literature on breast cancer chemoresistance from 1994 to 2024 was retrieved from the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) database of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometric analysis was conducted using Co-Occurrence (COOC 14.5), CiteSpace (6.1.R6), and R software (v4.2.3; packages: bibliometrix, ggplot2, and tidyverse). RESULTS: A total of 1,929 publications involving 75 countries/regions, 2,355 institutions, and 12,046 authors were analyzed. The journal Cancers published the highest number of articles (87). China contributed the largest share (803 articles), with Nanjing Medical University (53 articles) and researchers Ma Xin and Wang Yan (11 articles each) identified as the most productive institution and authors, respectively. Keyword analysis indicated that "triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)," "doxorubicin resistance," and "breast cancer stem cells" were long-standing core topics. In the context of the big-data era, bioinformatics-driven multi-omics analyses have become mainstream approaches for investigating chemoresistance mechanisms. Targeting ferroptosis-related pathways has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy in this field. Burst detection revealed "prognostic biomarkers" and "liquid biopsy" as current research hotspots, while reference analysis further suggested "circular RNA" and "breast cancer stemness" as critical future research directions. CONCLUSIONS: Through multidimensional bibliometric analyses, this study elucidates the developmental trajectory and potential breakthroughs in breast cancer chemoresistance research, offering a theoretical framework and translational insights for deeper exploration of resistance mechanisms and the design of precision therapeutic strategies.