Identification of bioactive compounds in (L.) A. Chev. leaf extract and its antimicrobial activity against cariogenic microorganisms.

is an ornamental plant known for its therapeutic properties, particularly its antimicrobial activity. This study attempted to identify bioactive compounds in the leaf extract and assess their antibacterial and antifungal efficacy against and , which are key contributors to early childhood caries (ECC). leaves were extracted using the maceration technique with 70% methanol. Phytochemical and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) screening were performed to identify secondary metabolites and chemical compounds. and were isolated from supragingival plaque samples of paediatric patients with severe ECC. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined through serial dilution and ELISA spectrophotometry. Phytochemical screening verified the existence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and alkaloids. GC-MS identified 17 chemical compounds. The MIC was 6.25% for and 1.56% for . The extract exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, with a stronger inhibitory effect against than . The leaf extract demonstrates antibacterial and antifungal potential and may serve as a cariogenic antimicrobial agent. Further toxicological studies are needed to confirm its safety for clinical applications.