Risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in cirrhotic patients: A comprehensive minireview.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is widely used to treat portal hypertension and its complications patients with cirrhosis. However, managing post-TIPS hepatic encephalopathy (HE) remains a major clinical challenge. HE is characterized by a high incidence and a complex pathogenesis, influenced by various factors. Therefore, careful patient assessment and selection for TIPS is essential. While previous studies have identified several factors contributing to the occurrence of post-TIPS HE, there is a gap in the comprehensive integration of surgical procedural parameters and metabolic mechanisms within a multidimensional analysis. This minireview aims to optimize treatment protocols and refine management strategies by conducting a comprehensive analysis of risk factors, ultimately aiming to reduce the incidence of post-TIPS HE.