Kurahara Lin-Hai, Li Gaopeng, Ishikawa Ryou, Ohmichi Kiyomi, Hirano Katsuya
Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan.
J Smooth Muscle Res. 2025;61:75-81. doi: 10.1540/jsmr.61.75.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term that describes disorders involving long-standing inflammation of tissues in the digestive tract. The onset and exacerbation of IBD is linked to multiple factors, including genetic and immunological influences, diet, and gut bacteria. Additionally, it is associated with a high risk of cancer. Research shows that the longer a person is breastfed, the lower their risk of developing IBD, highlighting the impact of human breast milk components on intestinal bacteria. Human breast milk contains many bioactive components, such as lactoferrin and milk oligosaccharides, are known to be effective in preventing and treating IBD. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that provide beneficial effects on the host by altering the balance of indigenous intestinal bacteria. While probiotics, such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, have been clinically applied in IBD treatment, there are currently no reports on the application of human breast milk-derived probiotics for this purpose. We clarified the preventive and therapeutic effects of human breast milk-derived probiotics on IBD, as well as the underlying mechanisms. This review highlights the importance of breastfeeding to prevent IBD, and focuses on the therapeutic effects of human breast milk-derived probiotics in IBD. These bioactive compounds in human breast milk are instrumental in establishing a beneficial gut microbiota and promoting proper immune system maturation during early life.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一个描述涉及消化道组织长期炎症的病症的术语。IBD的发病和加重与多种因素有关，包括遗传和免疫影响、饮食以及肠道细菌。此外，它还与高癌症风险相关。研究表明，一个人母乳喂养的时间越长，患IBD的风险就越低，这突出了人乳成分对肠道细菌的影响。人乳含有许多生物活性成分，如乳铁蛋白和低聚半乳糖，已知它们对预防和治疗IBD有效。益生菌被定义为通过改变肠道固有细菌的平衡对宿主产生有益作用的活微生物。虽然乳酸菌和双歧杆菌等益生菌已在IBD治疗中临床应用，但目前尚无关于人乳来源益生菌用于此目的的报道。我们阐明了人乳来源益生菌对IBD的预防和治疗作用及其潜在机制。本综述强调了母乳喂养对预防IBD的重要性，并着重于人乳来源益生菌在IBD中的治疗作用。人乳中的这些生物活性化合物有助于在生命早期建立有益的肠道微生物群并促进适当的免疫系统成熟。
