Huang M Q, Chen H Q, Yu X Y, Zhou S Y, Zheng J W, Yang M
Institute of Occupational Health Education and Promotion, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China.
Institute of Radiation Hygiene and Protection, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2025 Aug 20;43(8):595-600. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240514-00215.
To investigate the level of occupational health literacy (OHL) among workers in the electronic manufacturing industry, analyze the influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for occupational health promotion work. From July to September 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted, and 870 workers from 20 large, medium, small and micro electronic manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province were selected as the research subjects. The OHL level of workers was investigated by using the "Personal Questionnaire for Monitoring and Surveying Occupational Health Literacy of National Key Populations", and the influencing factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression. The OHL level of workers in electronic manufacturing industry was 36.09% (314/870). The OHL levels in the four dimensions of occupational health legal knowledge, basic knowledge of occupational health protection, healthy work methods and behaviors, and basic skills of occupational health protection were 39.08% (340/870), 78.97% (687/870), 56.55% (492/870), and 22.41% (195/870), respectively. logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school, senior high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school education, and average monthly income of 5000-6999 yuan and ≥7000 yuan were protective factors for high OHL levels among workers (<0.05) . The OHL level of workers in the electronic manufacturing industry is relatively low, and the promotion and intervention of OHL should be actively carried out to effectively improve the health literacy level of workers, focusing on workers with low education and low income.
为了解电子制造业工人的职业健康素养水平，分析其影响因素，为职业健康促进工作提供科学依据。于2022年7月至9月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法，选取广东省20家大、中、小、微型电子制造企业的870名工人作为研究对象。采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查问卷（个人卷）》对工人的职业健康素养水平进行调查，并通过二元logistic回归分析影响因素。电子制造业工人的职业健康素养水平为36.09%（314/870）。职业健康法律知识、职业健康防护基本知识、健康工作方式与行为、职业健康防护基本技能四个维度的职业健康素养水平分别为39.08%（340/870）、78.97%（687/870）、56.55%（492/870）和22.41%（195/870）。logistic回归分析显示，初中、高中/职高/中专学历以及月平均收入5000 - 6999元和≥7000元是工人高职业健康素养水平的保护因素（<0.05）。电子制造业工人的职业健康素养水平较低，应积极开展职业健康素养的宣传与干预，以有效提高工人的健康素养水平，重点关注低学历和低收入工人。
