Zhang H Y, Zhou N, Li X Z, Liao P T, He Y H, Zhao W L
Department of Occupational Health, Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2025 Apr 20;43(4):280-288. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240306-00087.
To investigate the level of occupational health literacy (OHL) of key populations in Gansu Province in 2022, analyze the influencing factors, and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of health education measures for occupational populations. From April to December 2022, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 11472 workers engaged in frontline jobs in 8 key industries across 86 counties and districts in Gansu Province as the research subjects. The "National Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring and Survey Personal Questionnaire" was used to investigate their OHL. The content includes basic demographic information and occupational health literacy level, and the chi-square test analysis was carried out by SPSS 23.0 software, and the influencing factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis model. In 2022, a total of 11 118 valid questionnaires were completed in Gansu Province, and the OHL level of key populations in Gansu Province was 48.3%. The OHL levels of occupational health legal knowledge, basic knowledge of occupational health protection, basic skills of occupational health protection and healthy working methods were 50.3%, 81.7%, 33.1% and 63.3%, respectively. In the eight key industries, the OHL level of workers from high to low is: ferrous and non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry (56.6%) , non-metallic mineral products industry (56.5%) , ferrous and non-ferrous metal mining and dressing industry (54.3%) , environmental sanitation industry (50.3%) , medical and health industry (49.9%) , education industry (40.9%) , transportation industry (40.4%) , and express delivery/takeaway delivery industry (23.3%) . The results of logistics regression analysis showed that gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, education level, average monthly income, nature and scale of employers, and length of service were the influencing factors of OHL level of front-line workers in eight industries in Gansu Province (all <0.05) . In 2022, the OHL level of key populations in Gansu Province was 48.3%, which needs to be further improved. Occupational health publicity should be strengthened for low-income, low-educated, newly recruited, young and micro-enterprise occupational groups.
为了解2022年甘肃省重点人群的职业健康素养水平，分析其影响因素，为制定职业人群健康教育措施提供科学依据。2022年4月至12月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法，选取甘肃省86个县（区）8个重点行业的11472名一线岗位劳动者作为研究对象。采用《全国职业健康素养监测调查问卷个人问卷》对其职业健康素养进行调查。内容包括基本人口学信息和职业健康素养水平，运用SPSS 23.0软件进行卡方检验分析，采用logistic回归分析模型分析影响因素。2022年，甘肃省共完成有效问卷11118份，甘肃省重点人群职业健康素养水平为48.3%。职业健康法律知识、职业健康防护基本知识、职业健康防护基本技能和健康工作方式的素养水平分别为50.3%、81.7%、33.1%和63.3%。在八个重点行业中，劳动者职业健康素养水平由高到低依次为：黑色金属和有色金属冶炼及压延加工业（56.6%）、非金属矿物制品业（56.5%）、黑色金属和有色金属矿采选业（54.3%）、环境卫生业（50.3%）、医疗卫生业（49.9%）、教育业（40.9%）、交通运输业（40.4%）、快递/外卖配送业（23.3%）。logistic回归分析结果显示，性别、年龄、民族、婚姻状况、文化程度、月平均收入、用人单位性质和规模、工作年限是甘肃省八个行业一线劳动者职业健康素养水平的影响因素（均P<0.05）。2022年，甘肃省重点人群职业健康素养水平为48.3%，有待进一步提高。应加强对低收入、低学历、新入职、年轻及小微企业职业群体的职业健康宣传。
