帮助陌生人时的社会预测误差：结果和情境的作用。
Social prediction errors in assisting strangers: the role of outcomes and contexts.
作者信息
Li Yan, Liu Zhiwei
机构信息
School of Education and Psychological Science, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan, China.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2025 Aug 19;16:1516257. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1516257. eCollection 2025.
INTRODUCTION
Helping behavior is a fundamental aspect of social interaction, yet little is known about how accurately helpers can predict the emotional responses of help-seekers, particularly when interacting with strangers.
METHODS
This study investigated social prediction errors in helping behavior between strangers and examined how outcomes and contexts influence these errors. In three scenario-based experiments, we assessed helpers' predictions and help-seekers' evaluations of gratitude, satisfaction, enthusiasm, and competence across different helping situations.
RESULTS
Our findings reveal consistent underestimation of help-seekers' positive emotions by helpers, with the degree of underestimation varying based on the outcomes and contexts of the helping behavior.
DISCUSSION
The results demonstrate that social prediction errors in helping behavior are context-dependent and outcome-based, highlighting the complexity of social cognition in prosocial behavior.
引言
帮助行为是社会互动的一个基本方面，但对于帮助者能够多准确地预测求助者的情绪反应，尤其是在与陌生人互动时，我们知之甚少。
方法
本研究调查了陌生人之间帮助行为中的社会预测误差，并考察了结果和情境如何影响这些误差。在三个基于情景的实验中，我们评估了帮助者在不同帮助情境下对感恩、满意度、热情和能力的预测以及求助者的评价。
结果
我们的研究结果显示，帮助者一直低估了求助者的积极情绪，低估程度因帮助行为的结果和情境而异。
讨论
结果表明，帮助行为中的社会预测误差取决于情境和结果，凸显了亲社会行为中社会认知的复杂性。
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