Influence of the Origin, Feeding Status, and Infection in the Microbial Composition of the Digestive Tract of .

, the main vector of Chagas disease in central Mexico, hosts a diverse and complex gut bacterial community shaped by environmental and physiological factors. To gain insight into these microbes' dynamics, we characterised the gut bacterial communities of wild and insectary insects under different feeding and infection conditions, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We identified 91 bacterial genera across 8 phyla, with Proteobacteria dominating most samples. Wild insects showed greater bacterial diversity, led by and while insectary insects exhibited lower diversity and were dominated by . The origin of the insects, whether they were reared in the insectary (laboratory) or collected from wild populations, was the principal factor structuring the gut microbiota, followed by feeding and infection. A stable core microbiota of 12 bacterial genera was present across all conditions, suggesting key functional roles in host physiology. Co-occurrence and functional enrichment analyses revealed that feeding and infection induced condition-specific microbial interactions and metabolic pathways. Our findings highlight the ecological plasticity of the triatomine gut microbiota and its potential role in modulating vector competence, providing a foundation for future microbiota-based control strategies.