Li Jianwei, Luo Wei, Zheng Haipeng, Li Wenjing, Yang Xi, He Ke, Zhou Hong
Liziping Giant Panda's Ecology and Conservation Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province, Nanchong 637009, China.
Liziping Nature Reserve Administration Bureau of Sichuan Province, Ya'an 625400, China.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jul 31;14(8):961. doi: 10.3390/biology14080961.
The Chinese red panda () is a rare and endangered animal in China; the increase in global temperature and the interference of human activities have caused irreversible effects on the suitable habitat of wild red pandas and threatened their survival. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out scientific research and protection for Chinese red pandas. In this study, the MaxEnt model was used to predict and analyze the suitable habitats of Chinese red pandas in the large and small Xiangling Mountains. The results showed that the main ecological factors affecting the suitable habitat distribution of Chinese red pandas in the Daxiangling Mountains are the average slope (45.6%, slope), the distance from the main road (24.2%, road), and the average temperature in the coldest quarter (11%, bio11). The main ecological factors affecting the suitable habitat distribution of Chinese red pandas in the Xiaoxiangling Mountains are bamboo distribution (67.4%, bamboo), annual temperature range (20.7%, bio7), and the average intensity of human activities (8.7%, Human Footprint). The predicted suitable habitat area of the Daxiangling Mountains is 123.835 km, and the predicted suitable habitat area of the Xiaoxiangling Mountains is 341.873 km. The predicted suitable habitat area of the Daxiangling Mountains accounts for 43.45% of the total mountain area, and the predicted suitable habitat area of the Xiaoxiangling Mountains accounts for 71.38%. The suitable habitat area of the Xiaoxiangling Mountains is nearly three times that of the Daxiangling Mountains, and the proportion of suitable habitat area of the Xiaoxiangling Mountains is much higher than that of the Daxiangling Mountains. The suitable habitat of Chinese red pandas in the Daxiangling Mountains is mainly distributed in the southeast, and the habitat is coherent but fragmented. The suitable habitat of Chinese red panda in Xiaoxiangling Mountains is mainly distributed in the east, and the habitat is more coherent. The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for the protection of the population and habitat of Chinese red pandas in Sichuan.
小熊猫是中国珍稀濒危动物；全球气温上升和人类活动干扰对野生小熊猫适宜栖息地造成了不可逆转的影响，威胁到它们的生存。因此，有必要对小熊猫进行科学研究和保护。本研究利用最大熵模型对大小相岭山系小熊猫的适宜栖息地进行预测分析。结果表明，影响大相岭山系小熊猫适宜栖息地分布的主要生态因子为平均坡度（45.6%，坡度）、距主干道距离（24.2%，道路）和最冷月平均温度（11%，生物11）。影响小相岭山系小熊猫适宜栖息地分布的主要生态因子为竹子分布（67.4%，竹子）、年温度范围（20.7%，生物7）和人类活动平均强度（8.7%，人类足迹）。大相岭山系预测适宜栖息地面积为123.835平方千米，小相岭山系预测适宜栖息地面积为341.873平方千米。大相岭山系预测适宜栖息地面积占山系总面积的43.45%，小相岭山系预测适宜栖息地面积占71.38%。小相岭山系适宜栖息地面积约为大相岭山系的3倍，小相岭山系适宜栖息地面积占比远高于大相岭山系。大相岭山系小熊猫适宜栖息地主要分布在东南部，栖息地连贯但破碎。小相岭山系小熊猫适宜栖息地主要分布在东部，栖息地连贯性更强。本研究结果可为四川小熊猫种群及栖息地保护提供科学依据。
