Chen Lingling, Li Siyuan, Chen Xiyi, Chen Yu-Hsin, Luo Xingguang, Hu Weiming, Kang Yimin, Chen Li, Wang Fan, Li Xiaokun, Liu Yanlong, Tong Caixia
School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Sleep Breath. 2025 Sep 4;29(5):279. doi: 10.1007/s11325-025-03443-8.
This study aimed to examine whether FGF21 levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma are associated with sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, and to assess the correlation between FGF21 levels and sleep disorder severity.
We recruited 90 Chinese adult males undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, gathering sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Sleep quality was assessed using the PSQI, and CSF samples were obtained for FGF21 analysis.
Spearman's correlation analysis showed that CSF FGF21 levels were positively correlated with PSQI global scores (r = 0.51, p < 0.001), as well as with specific components, including sleep quality (r = 0.32, p < 0.01), sleep latency (r = 0.46, p < 0.001), sleep disturbances (r = 0.53, p < 0.001), and daytime dysfunction (r = 0.55, p < 0.001). CSF FGF21 levels also positively correlated with APOA1 levels. However, plasma FGF21 levels showed no correlation with these sleep parameters. Elevated CSF FGF21 levels were associated with higher PSQI scores and increased prevalence of prolonged sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction. The association between CSF FGF21 levels and sleep disorders remained significant after adjusting for age, BMI, education, living situation, marital status, and biochemical markers.
This study identifies a novel positive association between CSF FGF21 levels, rather than plasma FGF21, and sleep quality, as assessed by PSQI scores, particularly in subcategories including low sleep quality, prolonged sleep latency, severe sleep disturbances, and marked daytime dysfunction in healthy adults.
本研究旨在探讨脑脊液（CSF）和血浆中FGF21水平是否与匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评分所衡量的睡眠质量相关，并评估FGF21水平与睡眠障碍严重程度之间的相关性。
我们招募了90名接受前交叉韧带重建手术的中国成年男性，收集社会人口统计学和临床特征。使用PSQI评估睡眠质量，并采集脑脊液样本进行FGF21分析。
Spearman相关性分析显示，脑脊液FGF21水平与PSQI总分呈正相关（r = 0.51，p < 0.001），也与特定组成部分相关，包括睡眠质量（r = 0.32，p < 0.01）、入睡潜伏期（r = 0.46，p < 0.001）、睡眠障碍（r = 0.53，p < 0.001）和日间功能障碍（r = 0.55，p < 0.001）。脑脊液FGF21水平也与APOA1水平呈正相关。然而，血浆FGF21水平与这些睡眠参数无相关性。脑脊液FGF21水平升高与较高的PSQI评分以及入睡潜伏期延长、睡眠障碍和日间功能障碍患病率增加相关。在调整年龄、体重指数、教育程度、生活状况、婚姻状况和生化标志物后，脑脊液FGF21水平与睡眠障碍之间的关联仍然显著。
本研究发现，以PSQI评分评估，脑脊液FGF21水平而非血浆FGF21水平与睡眠质量之间存在新的正相关，特别是在健康成年人中包括低睡眠质量、入睡潜伏期延长、严重睡眠障碍和明显日间功能障碍的亚类别中。
