Moilanen I, Meira L, Serlo W, von Wendt L
Z Kinderchir. 1985 Dec;40 Suppl 1:31-3. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1059763.
The personality, psychosomatic symptoms and family characteristics of 55 shunted hydrocephalic children older than four years were studied. Hydrocephalic childrens' self-concept, measured by the Children's Appereception Test, was found to be very significantly poorer than that of the control children. They also frequently showed behaviour disorders of the MBD-type, e.g. concentration difficulties, aggressiveness, fastidious eating and nervousness. The hydrocephalic childrens' families showed very significantly more cohesion and less rigidity, and significantly less authoritarianism than average Finnish families. When examining the parents' attitudes to their sick child, one third of the children were seen to be in a healthy role, with parental expectations realistically related to the child's abilities. One third of the children were seen as "babies", with unnecessarily over-protective attitudes on the part of their parents, and one third as "scapegoats", with accusatory attitudes from their mother and father. Those in the role of "scapegoats" had the poorest perceptual skills, the highest frequencies of behaviour disorders and the poorest self-concept.
对55名4岁以上接受分流术的脑积水患儿的性格、心身症状和家庭特征进行了研究。通过儿童统觉测验测量发现，脑积水患儿的自我概念明显比对照儿童差。他们还经常表现出轻微脑功能障碍（MBD）型的行为障碍，如注意力不集中、攻击性、挑食和紧张。脑积水患儿的家庭表现出比芬兰普通家庭明显更强的凝聚力和更低的僵化程度，以及明显更少的专制主义。在研究父母对患病孩子的态度时，发现三分之一的孩子处于健康角色，父母的期望与孩子的能力实际相符。三分之一的孩子被视为“婴儿”，父母持有不必要的过度保护态度，还有三分之一的孩子被视为“替罪羊”，父母持有指责态度。处于“替罪羊”角色的孩子感知能力最差，行为障碍发生率最高，自我概念也最差。
