McNamara Ian A, Parnes Jamie E, Stetsiv Khrystyna, Nance Melissa, Sauer Jake, Greenwood Kayleigh, Masters Joan P, Carpenter Ryan W
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame.
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health.
Cannabis. 2025 Jul 15;8(2):33-50. doi: 10.26828/cannabis/2025/000286. eCollection 2025.
With cannabis legal in nearly half of U.S. states, important concerns about the public health impact remain, particularly for states yet to legalize. The present study, using data collected in the initial phase of cannabis legalization in Missouri, examined predictors of the intention to initiate (in the cannabis naïve) and increase use (in those with past-year use) in a representative sample of Missouri college students.
Data ( = 2,716; = 1,591) were collected from 25 Missouri college campuses. Four pre-registered multilevel models examined the associations of theory-driven predictors with the intention to initiate cannabis use and to increase use.
33.4% of all students surveyed reported past-year cannabis use, 9.9% of cannabis naïve students reported intending to initiate cannabis use, and 22% of those with previous cannabis use reported intending to increase cannabis use. Multilevel modes found that being gay or lesbian ( = 3.03; CI = [1.72, 5.34]), bisexual ( = 3.52; CI = [2.41, 5.14]), or queer ( = 2.51; CI = [1.71, 3.69]) was associated with intending to initiate use, while greater flourishing ( = 0.98; CI = [0.96, 0.99]) was associated with decreased odds of intending to initiate use. Endorsing more cannabis motives ( = 1.13; CI = [1.08, 1.19]), age of first use ( = 1.09; CI = [1.03, 1.15]), and being gay or lesbian ( = 2.19; CI = [1.27, 3.76]) were associated with intending to increase use. Endorsing more cannabis-related negative consequences was associated with intending to decrease use ( = 0.91; CI = [0.89, 0.94]).
Multiple theory-driven factors were associated with intending to initiate or increase cannabis use following legalization. Future research should examine how intentions to change cannabis use translate to actualized behavior following legalization and factors that may create increased risk for minoritized sexual identities.
随着大麻在美国近半数州合法化，对其公共卫生影响的重要担忧依然存在，尤其是对于尚未将其合法化的州。本研究利用在密苏里州大麻合法化初始阶段收集的数据，在密苏里州大学生的代表性样本中，考察了开始使用大麻（针对从未使用过大麻者）及增加使用量（针对过去一年使用过大麻者）意愿的预测因素。
从密苏里州25所大学校园收集数据（n = 2716；n = 1591）。四个预先注册的多层次模型考察了理论驱动的预测因素与开始使用大麻意愿及增加使用量意愿之间的关联。
所有接受调查的学生中，33.4%报告过去一年使用过大麻，9.9%从未使用过大麻的学生报告有开始使用大麻的意愿，22%曾使用过大麻的学生报告有增加大麻使用量的意愿。多层次模型发现，同性恋（β = 3.03；置信区间 = [1.72, 5.34]）、双性恋（β = 3.52；置信区间 = [2.41, 5.14]）或酷儿（β = 2.51；置信区间 = [1.71, 3.69]）与开始使用大麻的意愿相关，而更高的心理幸福感（β = 0.98；置信区间 = [0.96, 0.99]）与开始使用大麻意愿降低的几率相关。认可更多的大麻动机（β = 1.13；置信区间 = [1.08, 1.19]）、首次使用大麻的年龄（β = 1.09；置信区间 = [1.03, 1.15]）以及同性恋（β = 2.19；置信区间 = [1.27, 3.76]）与增加使用量的意愿相关。认可更多与大麻相关的负面后果与减少使用量的意愿相关（β = 0.91；置信区间 = [0.89, 0.94]）。
多个理论驱动的因素与合法化后开始使用或增加大麻使用量的意愿相关。未来的研究应考察大麻使用意愿如何在合法化后转化为实际行为，以及可能给少数性取向身份群体带来更高风险的因素。
