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2013年至2023年巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州的结核病流行病学及2019冠状病毒病大流行的影响

Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2013 and 2023 and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

作者信息

do Bem Braga Renan Clímaco, Meurer Igor Rosa, D'Carmo Sodré Maisah Meyhr, de Carvalho Luciana Debortoli, Marin Lauro Juliano, Silvério Marcelo Silva, Garcia Patrícia Guedes

机构信息

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.

Teaching and Research Management, University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora/Brazilian Company of Hospital Services, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2025 Aug 20;13:1642015. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1642015. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1642015
PMID:40910054
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12405410/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Tuberculosis (TB), a disease caused by bacteria of the (MTC), is one of the oldest diseases in human history, and despite several global efforts to reduce case numbers, it remains one of the main causes of death worldwide due infectious agents. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological trends of tuberculosis in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2013 to 2023, with emphasis on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on case notification.

METHODS

Based on epidemiological data obtained from the DATASUS platform, spanning the period from 2013 to 2023, the number of cases, the distribution of confirmed cases by sex, race, education, age group, HIV co-infection and presence of comorbidities such as diabetes, and risk factors like smoking and alcoholism were evaluated. Additionally, the municipalities with the highest number of confirmed cases were identified.

RESULTS

The research revealed a steady annual rise in TB cases, having the highest number of cases in 2023, with 12.55% of all reported cases. Men between 25 and 54 years of age, with a lower educational level, were the most affected by the disease. Regarding race, the majority of the reported cases were attributed to Brown-skinned people. The co-infection rate involving TB and HIV increased proportionally to the reported cases of TB statewide. Regarding comorbidities and risk factors, diabetes, smoking, and alcoholism composed a large part of the tuberculosis caseload, with alcoholism and smoking being especially related to the male population.

CONCLUSION

The results reinforced the gravity of tuberculosis as a public health challenge, while highlighting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on underreporting and the subsequent increase in reported cases of drug resistance involving tuberculosis.

摘要

背景

结核病（TB）是由分枝杆菌属（MTC）细菌引起的疾病，是人类历史上最古老的疾病之一。尽管全球为减少病例数做出了多项努力，但它仍是全球因感染因子导致死亡的主要原因之一。本研究旨在分析2013年至2023年巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州结核病的流行病学趋势，重点关注新冠疫情对病例通报的影响。

方法

基于从DATASUS平台获取的2013年至2023年期间的流行病学数据，评估病例数量、确诊病例按性别、种族、教育程度、年龄组、艾滋病毒合并感染情况以及糖尿病等合并症的分布情况，以及吸烟和酗酒等风险因素。此外，还确定了确诊病例数最多的城市。

结果

研究显示结核病病例数逐年稳步上升，2023年病例数最多，占所有报告病例的12.55%。年龄在25至54岁之间、教育程度较低的男性受该疾病影响最大。在种族方面，报告的大多数病例归因于棕色皮肤人群。结核病与艾滋病毒的合并感染率与该州报告的结核病病例数成比例增加。在合并症和风险因素方面，糖尿病、吸烟和酗酒占结核病病例总数的很大一部分，酗酒和吸烟尤其与男性人群相关。

结论

研究结果强化了结核病作为公共卫生挑战的严重性，并突出了新冠疫情对漏报情况的影响以及随后结核病耐药报告病例的增加。

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