Rugbumrung Maninthorn, Rukbumrung Tavarintorn, Impanya Sittiwit, Thurayot Adison
Department of Sport and Exercise Science, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.
Department of Physical Education; Faculty of Education, Prince of Songkhla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, Thailand.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2025 Sep 1;18(8):695-711. doi: 10.70252/XEPS8890. eCollection 2025.
The intensity of aerobic exercise is influenced by maximum heart rate (MHR), which can be assessed through an incremental exercise test. However, this method requires specialized equipment and a level of fitness that individuals who are sedentary or overweight may lack. Therefore, estimating MHR using formulas is essential. Various methods exist to calculate MHR, but their effectiveness in real exercise programs for obese individuals remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise using different intensity calculation methods, specifically comparing Fox's and Tanaka's maximum heart rate (MHR) equations, as well as the Percentage and Karvonen methods for target heart rate (THR). Seventy-eight men aged 20 to 30 with a body fat percentage of over 20% were divided into one control group and four aerobic exercise groups. EG1 and EG3 used Fox's and Tanaka's equations for MHR and THR from the percentage, while EG2 and EG4 applied the Karvonen method for THR. Participants engaged in 45 minutes of moderate-intensity walking or running on a treadmill four days a week for 12 weeks. Body weight, body fat percentage, BMI, resting heart rate (RHR), and VO max were measured at baseline and after the intervention. After 12 weeks, all exercise groups demonstrated significant improvements in VO max, as well as reductions in body weight, body fat percentage, BMI, and resting heart rate (RHR), whereas the control group showed no changes. No significant differences were found among the exercise groups. Aerobic exercise at various intensities effectively enhances cardiovascular fitness and body composition in obese individuals, indicating that these methods are equally beneficial.
有氧运动的强度受最大心率（MHR）影响，最大心率可通过递增运动试验来评估。然而，这种方法需要专门的设备以及久坐或超重个体可能缺乏的一定程度的体能。因此，使用公式估算最大心率至关重要。存在多种计算最大心率的方法，但它们在肥胖个体实际运动项目中的有效性仍不明确。本研究旨在调查使用不同强度计算方法进行有氧运动的效果，具体比较福克斯（Fox）和田中（Tanaka）的最大心率（MHR）公式，以及目标心率（THR）的百分比法和卡尔沃宁（Karvonen）法。78名年龄在20至30岁、体脂百分比超过20%的男性被分为一个对照组和四个有氧运动组。EG1和EG3使用福克斯公式计算MHR，并采用百分比法计算THR，而EG2和EG4采用卡尔沃宁法计算THR。参与者每周四天在跑步机上进行45分钟的中等强度步行或跑步，持续12周。在基线和干预后测量体重、体脂百分比、体重指数（BMI）、静息心率（RHR）和最大摄氧量（VO max）。12周后，所有运动组的VO max均有显著改善，体重、体脂百分比、BMI和静息心率（RHR）均有所下降，而对照组无变化。各运动组之间未发现显著差异。不同强度的有氧运动能有效提高肥胖个体的心血管健康水平和身体成分，表明这些方法同样有益。
