Zucker D K, Austin F M, Branchey L
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1985;11(3-4):295-302. doi: 10.3109/00952998509016867.
Alcoholic blackouts are among the most frequently reported symptoms in the progression of alcoholism. The exact etiology of blackouts remains unknown, but relationships to memory disturbance, seizure disorders, underlying psychiatric conditions, head trauma, and drug use have all been suggested. We studied 72 alcoholics admitted to an alcohol inpatient treatment program. Seventy-five percent of the patients had experienced blackouts. Patients who had had blackouts experienced other alcohol-related symptoms such as a need to drink upon awakening, alcohol cravings, tremors, and hallucinations more frequently and they were more likely to have had a past history of depression and to have been arrested for driving while intoxicated than alcoholics who had never experienced blackouts. No significant differences were observed between patients who had experienced blackouts and those who did not in mild to moderate memory disturbance, seizure disorder, a variety of psychiatric conditions, head trauma, or drug use. No significant differences were found between the two groups in most drinking history variables. The present study does not lend support to most hypotheses made about the etiology of alcoholic blackouts. Blackouts in alcoholics were significantly associated with other symptoms resulting from excessive alcohol use.
酒精性失忆是酒精中毒进程中最常被报告的症状之一。失忆的确切病因尚不清楚，但已有人提出它与记忆障碍、癫痫症、潜在精神疾病、头部创伤及药物使用之间存在关联。我们对72名入住酒精住院治疗项目的酗酒者进行了研究。75%的患者曾经历过失忆。有过失忆经历的患者更频繁地出现其他与酒精相关的症状，如醒来后需要饮酒、渴望饮酒、震颤和幻觉，而且与从未经历过失忆的酗酒者相比，他们更有可能有过抑郁症病史，以及因醉酒驾车而被捕。在经历过失忆的患者和未经历过失忆的患者之间，在轻度至中度记忆障碍、癫痫症、多种精神疾病、头部创伤或药物使用方面未观察到显著差异。在大多数饮酒史变量上，两组之间也未发现显著差异。本研究并不支持关于酒精性失忆病因的大多数假设。酗酒者的失忆与过度饮酒导致的其他症状显著相关。
