Anthenelli R M, Klein J L, Tsuang J W, Smith T L, Schuckit M A
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
J Stud Alcohol. 1994 May;55(3):290-5. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1994.55.290.
In order to test the commonly held perception that blackouts are an early diagnostic sign of alcoholism, we evaluated a sample of 230 nonalcoholic young men longitudinally over an 8-12 year follow-up period. Consistent with the literature, blackouts were a common occurrence in this cohort, with 26% of the men reporting blackouts by their early twenties, and 30% of the subjects experiencing blackouts over the approximately 10-year follow-up. Alcohol-related amnestic episodes were associated with the quantity and frequency of drinking, and men with blackouts (especially four or more) were more likely to have other problems related to their heavy drinking. Although few alcoholics will report not having had such amnestic spells, blackouts are not sensitive indicators of the risk for developing alcoholism. The data suggest that blackouts should be viewed as an important warning sign of problem drinking, but not as the "hallmark" of alcoholism.
为了检验普遍认为的“断片是酗酒的早期诊断迹象”这一观点，我们在8至12年的随访期内对230名非酗酒青年男性样本进行了纵向评估。与文献一致，断片在该队列中很常见，26%的男性在二十出头时报告有断片经历，约30%的受试者在大约10年的随访期间经历过断片。与酒精相关的遗忘发作与饮酒量和频率有关，有断片经历（尤其是四次或更多次）的男性更有可能有与酗酒相关的其他问题。尽管很少有酗酒者会报告没有经历过这种遗忘发作，但断片并不是发展为酗酒风险的敏感指标。数据表明，断片应被视为问题饮酒的重要警示信号，但不应被视为酗酒的“标志”。
