McEligot Archana J, Xiao Cally, Do Theresa Quynh
Department of Public Health, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA.
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Sep;21(9):e70650. doi: 10.1002/alz.70650.
We investigated the associations between diabetes (type 2), hypertension and hypercholesterolemia with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnoses by race-ethnicity and sex.
Data (n = 22,950) were derived via the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between each comorbid condition and MCI and AD.
For non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) males, diabetes and hypertension had a significant positive association with MCI. For NHW females, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia were significantly associated with increased MCI. Diabetes was significantly associated with AD in Asian and Pacific Islander (API) males and NHW females.
Targeted interventions aimed at curbing diabetes and hypertension onset for NHW and NHB males, and potentially reducing all comorbid conditions for NHW females may reduce MCI outcomes. Heterogeneity in the Hispanic and API diasporas should be considered when delineating comorbid conditions with MCI and/or AD.
For non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) males, diabetes and hypertension were associated with MCI. Diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia were associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for NHW females. Only hypertension was associated with MCI in NHB females. Diabetes was associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in NHW females and Asian and Pacific Islander (API) males.
我们按种族和性别调查了2型糖尿病、高血压和高胆固醇血症与轻度认知障碍（MCI）及阿尔茨海默病（AD）诊断之间的关联。
数据（n = 22,950）源自国家阿尔茨海默病协调中心。采用逻辑回归评估每种合并症与MCI及AD之间的关系。
对于非西班牙裔白人（NHW）和非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）男性，糖尿病和高血压与MCI呈显著正相关。对于NHW女性，糖尿病、高血压和高胆固醇血症与MCI增加显著相关。在亚裔和太平洋岛民（API）男性及NHW女性中，糖尿病与AD显著相关。
针对NHW和NHB男性遏制糖尿病和高血压发病的针对性干预措施，以及可能减少NHW女性的所有合并症，可能会降低MCI的发生几率。在划定与MCI和/或AD相关的合并症时，应考虑西班牙裔和API散居群体的异质性。
对于非西班牙裔白人（NHW）和非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）男性，糖尿病和高血压与MCI相关。糖尿病、高血压和高胆固醇血症与NHW女性的轻度认知障碍（MCI）相关。在NHB女性中，只有高血压与MCI相关。在NHW女性和亚裔及太平洋岛民（API）男性中，糖尿病与阿尔茨海默病（AD）相关。
