Jiang Shen, Xiao Yanlong, Li Qiuyun, Jiang Liangliang, Wu Jing, Li Yang
State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, 150081, China.
Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2025 Aug 19;290:117902. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.117902.
SERS has revolutionized viral detection with its high sensitivity and specificity. This review comprehensively explores the application progress, challenges, and future directions of SERS in viral detection. Firstly, the fundamental principles of SERS are introduced. Then, the application of label-free and label-based detection strategies is analyzed, with their respective advantages and limitations being weighed. A detailed discussion follows on the critical factors in label-free detection, such as the use of high-activity SERS substrates, specific capture methods, integration of machine learning, and sample pre-treatment. Subsequently, the review examines recent advances in label-based SERS viral detection, covering strategy design, recognition element selection and construction, sandwich assay development, and integration with cascade signal amplification approaches. Additionally, it introduces the research progress of SERS in practical applications like medical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Finally, the article pinpoints the challenges faced by SERS technology. These include establishing standardized processes, eliminating signal interference in complex samples, enhancing the stability and portability of instruments, standardizing substrate production, and strengthening interdisciplinary cooperation. The article also looks ahead to the important role of SERS in future viral detection. Overall, this review aims to offer researchers a panoramic view of the latest progress and future development of SERS in viral detection. It also provides a scientific basis and technical support for the development of rapid viral detection technologies.
表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）凭借其高灵敏度和特异性彻底改变了病毒检测。本综述全面探讨了SERS在病毒检测中的应用进展、挑战及未来方向。首先，介绍了SERS的基本原理。然后，分析了无标记和基于标记的检测策略的应用，权衡了它们各自的优缺点。接着详细讨论了无标记检测中的关键因素，如高活性SERS底物的使用、特异性捕获方法、机器学习的整合以及样品预处理。随后，该综述考察了基于标记的SERS病毒检测的最新进展，涵盖策略设计、识别元件的选择与构建、夹心分析的发展以及与级联信号放大方法的整合。此外，还介绍了SERS在医学诊断、食品安全和环境监测等实际应用中的研究进展。最后，文章指出了SERS技术面临的挑战。这些挑战包括建立标准化流程、消除复杂样品中的信号干扰、提高仪器的稳定性和便携性、规范底物生产以及加强跨学科合作。文章还展望了SERS在未来病毒检测中的重要作用。总体而言，本综述旨在为研究人员提供SERS在病毒检测方面的最新进展和未来发展的全景图。它还为快速病毒检测技术的发展提供了科学依据和技术支持。
