Karcher Nicole R, Dong Fanghong, Paul Sarah E, Johnson Emma C, Kilciksiz Can M, Oh Hans, Schiffman Jason, Agrawal Arpana, Bogdan Ryan, Jackson Joshua J, Barch Deanna M
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis.
Nat Ment Health. 2025 Aug 12. doi: 10.1038/s44220-025-00481-9.
Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) may arise from genetic and environmental risk leading to worsening cognitive and morphometry metrics over time, which in turn lead to worsening PLEs. Analyses used three waves of unique longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study data (ages 9-13) to test whether changes in cognition and global morphometry metrics attenuate associations between genetic and environmental risk with persistent distressing PLEs. Multigroup univariate latent growth models examined three waves of cognitive metrics and global morphometry separately for three PLE groups: persistent distressing PLEs (n=356), transient distressing PLEs (n=408), and low-level PLEs (n=7901). Persistent distressing PLEs showed greater decreases (i.e., more negative slopes) of cognition and morphometry metrics over time compared to those in low-level PLE groups. Analyses also provided novel evidence for extant theories that worsening cognition and global morphometry metrics may partially account for associations between environmental risk with persistent distressing PLEs.
类精神病体验（PLEs）可能源于遗传和环境风险，随着时间的推移，这些风险会导致认知和形态测量指标恶化，进而导致PLEs恶化。分析使用了三波独特的青少年大脑认知发展纵向研究数据（9至13岁），以测试认知和整体形态测量指标的变化是否会减弱遗传和环境风险与持续性痛苦PLEs之间的关联。多组单变量潜在增长模型分别针对三组PLE：持续性痛苦PLE（n = 356）、短暂性痛苦PLE（n = 408）和低水平PLE（n = 7901），对三波认知指标和整体形态测量进行了研究。与低水平PLE组相比，持续性痛苦PLE随时间推移在认知和形态测量指标上显示出更大的下降（即更负的斜率）。分析还为现有理论提供了新证据，即认知和整体形态测量指标的恶化可能部分解释了环境风险与持续性痛苦PLE之间的关联。
