Saini Chainsee, Vats Prerna, Maharshi Simran, Baweja Bhavika, Nema Rajeev
Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2025 Aug 7;30(3):439-450. doi: 10.5603/rpor.106487. eCollection 2025.
Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) form a subclass of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), they are quite long and as their name non-coding suggests they do not have a role in protein coding. lncRNAs are vital in all the key steps of tumorigenesis, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells formation, invasion, migration, and formation of the tumor vasculature. lncRNAs are classified into oncogenic or anti-tumor lncRNAs based on their functions. Moreover, cancer stem cells show an extremely specific pattern of expression of lncRNAs, which can be used for early detection of cancer. Similarly, their pre-treatment expression levels correlate with prognosis as they participate in key tumor biology processes like metastasis and recurrence. This chapter seeks to explore both the association between lncRNA genes and cancer and the role of lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression. Future questions would focus on what the accepted normal ranges of lncRNA expression will be, where they are present in body fluids, which could help with non-invasive tests. But for now, one thing is clear that lncRNAs could pave the way for novel cancer therapies.
长链非编码核糖核酸（lncRNAs）构成了非编码RNA（ncRNAs）的一个亚类，它们相当长，顾名思义，非编码意味着它们在蛋白质编码中不起作用。lncRNAs在肿瘤发生的所有关键步骤中都至关重要，例如上皮-间质转化、癌症干细胞形成、侵袭、迁移以及肿瘤脉管系统的形成。lncRNAs根据其功能可分为致癌lncRNAs或抗肿瘤lncRNAs。此外，癌症干细胞表现出一种极其特殊的lncRNAs表达模式，可用于癌症的早期检测。同样，它们的治疗前表达水平与预后相关，因为它们参与转移和复发等关键肿瘤生物学过程。本章旨在探讨lncRNA基因与癌症之间的关联以及lncRNAs在癌症发生和发展中的作用。未来的问题将集中在lncRNA表达的公认正常范围是什么，它们在体液中的存在位置，这有助于进行非侵入性检测。但目前，有一点很清楚，lncRNAs可能为新型癌症治疗铺平道路。
