日粮可消化能量水平对宁乡猪生长性能、肠道功能、胴体性状、肉质及血液生化参数的影响

Effects of dietary digestible energy levels on growth performance, intestinal function, carcass traits, meat quality and blood biochemical parameters of Ningxiang pigs.

作者信息

Wang Zhaobin, Geng Chunchun, Zhang Jiaqi, Zeng Xianglin, Wang Xin, Zhang Cheng, Zhang Weidong, Wang Qiye, Yang Huansheng, Yin Yulong

机构信息

Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China.

State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.

出版信息

Anim Nutr. 2025 Jul 5;22:522-537. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2025.02.012. eCollection 2025 Sep.

DOI:10.1016/j.aninu.2025.02.012

PMID:40919309

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12410524/

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of changing the digestible energy (DE) level of the diet on the growth performance, intestinal function, carcass traits, meat quality and blood biochemical indices of Ningxiang pigs, and to comprehensively identify the lipid molecules in the abdominal fat of Ningxiang pigs through lipidomics technology to evaluate the pork quality. The experiment selected 225 castrated Ningxiang pigs (47.64 ± 0.58 kg) and randomly divided them into 5 groups, with 5 replicates in each group and 9 Ningxiang pigs in each replicate. Diets with DE of 11.34, 11.80, 12.31, 12.82 and 13.31 MJ/kg were fed respectively, and the experimental period was 56 d. The increase in DE significantly increased the average daily gain (ADG) ( < 0.001), gastric juice pH ( = 0.054) and colonic volatile fatty acid content ( = 0.023) of Ningxiang pigs. The increase in ADG was the result of increased lipid deposition with increasing DE. Increasing DE would lead to a downward trend in the redness value of muscle (a∗, = 0.088) and significantly reduce the stomach weight index ( = 0.006). Increasing DE increased the depth of duodenal crypts ( = 0.002), and reduced the ratio of villus height to crypt depth ( = 0.002). The colonic microbiota was significantly affected by the increase in DE ( < 0.05). Low (11.34 MJ/kg) DE level reduced serum urea nitrogen levels ( = 0.025) and 11.80 MJ/kg DE level significantly increased pancreatic lipase levels ( = 0.007). In addition, lipidomics revealed the differences in the expression patterns of differential lipid molecules in the abdominal fat of Ningxiang pigs and their potential effects on related metabolic pathways. In conclusion, changes in DE levels had significant effects on the growth performance, intestinal function, carcass traits, meat quality and blood biochemical indices in Ningxiang pigs. High-energy diets may result in excessive fattening of Ningxiang pigs.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨改变日粮可消化能量（DE）水平对宁乡猪生长性能、肠道功能、胴体性状、肉质和血液生化指标的影响，并通过脂质组学技术全面鉴定宁乡猪腹部脂肪中的脂质分子以评估猪肉品质。试验选取225头去势宁乡猪（体重47.64±0.58 kg），随机分为5组，每组5个重复，每个重复9头宁乡猪。分别饲喂DE为11.34、11.80、12.31、12.82和13.31 MJ/kg的日粮，试验期为56 d。DE的增加显著提高了宁乡猪的平均日增重（ADG）（<0.001）、胃液pH值（=0.054）和结肠挥发性脂肪酸含量（=0.023）。ADG的增加是随着DE升高脂质沉积增加的结果。DE升高会导致肌肉红度值（a∗，=0.088）呈下降趋势，并显著降低胃重指数（=0.006）。DE升高增加了十二指肠隐窝深度（=0.002），降低了绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值（=0.002）。结肠微生物群受到DE升高的显著影响（<0.05）。低（11.34 MJ/kg）DE水平降低了血清尿素氮水平（=0.025），11.80 MJ/kg DE水平显著提高了胰脂肪酶水平（=0.007）。此外，脂质组学揭示了宁乡猪腹部脂肪中差异脂质分子表达模式的差异及其对相关代谢途径的潜在影响。综上所述，DE水平的变化对宁乡猪的生长性能、肠道功能、胴体性状、肉质和血液生化指标有显著影响。高能日粮可能导致宁乡猪过度育肥。