Beneficial effect of medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy on mental health of patients with knee osteoarthritis.

PURPOSE

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease in the world. It results in not only physical limitation and pain, but also negatively impacts quality of life and mental wellbeing. Treatment options such as medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) help to relieve pain and improve functionality, but there is limited literature on the effect on mental health. This study aims to investigate the effect of MOWHTO on the mental health of patients with knee OA.

METHODS

In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected from patients who underwent MOWHTO between 2019 and 2023 in a single tertiary institution. The main outcome score, short form-36 mental component score (SF-36 MCS), was recorded at baseline, 6 months and 2 years postprocedure. Secondary outcomes included the SF-36 physical component score (PCS) and Oxford knee score (OKS).

RESULTS

There were a total of 108 MOWHTOs, comprising 51 men and 57 women. At surgery, the mean age was 55.4 ± 6.97. Twelve patients did not turn up at the 6-month follow-up. There was a significant improvement of SF-36 MCS from a preoperative mean of 50.8 ± 12.6 to 57.1 ± 11.0 ( < 0.05) and 56.8 + 9.07 ( < 0.05) at 6 months and 2 years postoperation, respectively. There was also a significant increase in the scores of SF-36 PCS and OKS ( < 0.05 for both) at 6-month and 2-year follow-up. Higher preoperative SF-36 MCS was significantly correlated with improved postoperation SF-36 PCS ( = 0.184,  = 0.05) and OKS ( = -0.218,  = 0.02 < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

At 2-year follow-up, MOWHTO results in a significant improvement in the mental health of patients with knee OA. There is a correlation between preoperative mental health and postoperative outcomes, suggesting a role of mental health in affecting MOWHTO outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Level IV.