Xia Xiaoyang, Zhang Zhen, Xu Zhenxia, Zeng Chi, Xiang Xia, Huang Fenghong
Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Wuhan 430062, China.
The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
Food Res Int. 2025 Nov;219:116999. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116999. Epub 2025 Jul 11.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a a complex metabolic disorder that poses a serious threat to human health. Although polyphenol extract from rapeseed meal (RMP) has demonstrated inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, the alleviating effects on T2DM and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unexplored in T2DM. In this study, the antidiabetic effects of RMP were investigated using a T2DM mouse model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) administration. RMP remarkably relieved weight loss, lowered blood glucose levels (7.2 ± 0.9 mmol/L), reduced hyperglycemia, and improved insulin tolerance, while ameliorating hepatic oxidative stress. Notably, RMP regulated the gut microbiota composition by increasing the abundance of Alistipes, Bacteroidales, Allobaculum, Parabacteroides and reducing the abundance of Desulfovibrio and Oscillibacter. Metabolomic analysis identified 150 different metabolites between DN and RMP groups, of which 85 were up-regulated and 65 were down-regulated, including folate biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, lipoic acid metabolism, and mTOR signaling pathway as a potential target. In addition, western blotting revealed that RMP activated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby contributing to improved glucolipid metabolism and reduced insulin resistance. These findings offer new insights into the antidiabetic potential of RMP, providing promising support for its application as a natural hypoglycemic functional ingredient.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种复杂的代谢紊乱疾病，对人类健康构成严重威胁。尽管菜籽粕（RMP）中的多酚提取物已显示出对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性，但RMP对T2DM的缓解作用及其潜在的分子机制在T2DM中仍 largely unexplored（很大程度上未被探索）。在本研究中，使用高脂饮食（HFD）联合链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的T2DM小鼠模型研究了RMP的抗糖尿病作用。RMP显著缓解了体重减轻，降低了血糖水平（7.2±0.9 mmol/L），减轻了高血糖，并改善了胰岛素耐受性，同时改善了肝脏氧化应激。值得注意的是，RMP通过增加Alistipes、拟杆菌目、Allobaculum、副拟杆菌的丰度并降低脱硫弧菌和颤杆菌的丰度来调节肠道微生物群组成。代谢组学分析确定了DN组和RMP组之间150种不同的代谢物，其中85种上调，65种下调，包括叶酸生物合成、嘧啶代谢、精氨酸生物合成、酪氨酸代谢、硫辛酸代谢以及mTOR信号通路作为潜在靶点。此外，蛋白质印迹显示RMP激活了AMPK/mTOR信号通路，从而有助于改善糖脂代谢并降低胰岛素抵抗。这些发现为RMP的抗糖尿病潜力提供了新的见解，为其作为天然降血糖功能成分的应用提供了有希望的支持。
