Razmi Hamidreza, Nikbakht Mohammad Hadi, Jemsi Paria, Jafarirad Sima, Zadeh Maedeh Raeisi, Razzaghi Samira, Veissi Ali, Bakhshimoghaddam Farnush
Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2025 Sep;8(9):e70341. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.70341.
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Several studies have investigated the relationship between breast cancer and specific foods or nutrients, rather than examining an overall dietary pattern. This study aims to investigate the association between breast cancer and the predominant dietary pattern in Ahvaz city.
This hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 106 women with breast cancer and 107 controls. Dietary intake data were collected using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. We merged the data on the 147 foods into 20 food groups to identify major dietary patterns. Factor analysis with varimax rotation was then employed to determine the primary dietary patterns. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between dietary patterns and breast cancer, with adjustment for potential confounders.
Three dietary patterns were identified: healthy, western, and traditional. The Western dietary pattern was robustly associated with a higher risk of breast cancer in premenopausal women (OR = 4.22; 95% CI: 1.09, 16.31; p = 0.03) in the adjusted model. However, no association was found between a healthy and traditional pattern and breast cancer.
These findings suggest that the Western dietary pattern is positively associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal Iranian women.
乳腺癌是全球女性中最常被诊断出的癌症。多项研究调查了乳腺癌与特定食物或营养素之间的关系，而非整体饮食模式。本研究旨在调查阿瓦士市乳腺癌与主要饮食模式之间的关联。
本基于医院的病例对照研究对106名乳腺癌女性患者和107名对照者进行。使用一份包含147个条目的食物频率问卷收集饮食摄入数据。我们将147种食物的数据合并为20个食物组以识别主要饮食模式。然后采用方差最大化旋转的因子分析来确定主要饮食模式。使用二元逻辑回归评估饮食模式与乳腺癌之间的关联，并对潜在混杂因素进行调整。
识别出三种饮食模式：健康型、西方型和传统型。在调整模型中，西方饮食模式与绝经前女性患乳腺癌的较高风险密切相关（比值比=4.22；95%置信区间：1.09，16.31；p=0.03）。然而，未发现健康型和传统型饮食模式与乳腺癌之间存在关联。
这些发现表明，西方饮食模式与伊朗绝经前女性患乳腺癌的风险呈正相关。
