Arroyo Randall A, Moore Simon, Cruz Francis, Rodarte Patricia, Buerba Rafael A, Silva Mauricio
From the University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA (Arroyo, Moore); the Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL (Cruz); the Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI (Rodarte); Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Banner University Sports Medicine Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ (Dr. Buerba); and Luskin Orthopaedic Institute for Children, Los Angeles, the UCLA/Orthopaedic Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, UCR School of Medicine (Dr. Silva).
J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2025 Sep 4;9(9). doi: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-25-00234. eCollection 2025 Sep 1.
Orthopaedic surgery has historically been among the least ethnically diverse fields in medicine. The latest American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) Census report in 2018 indicates that only 2.2% of all practicing orthopaedic surgeons in the United States identify as Hispanic/Latino. The effect of Hispanic representation on research and orthopaedic literature authorship is unknown. The purpose of this study was to establish Hispanic authorship trends in orthopaedic research by analyzing eight high-impact orthopaedic journals in a recent 10-year period.
A bibliometric analysis was performed extracting original research articles with at least one US- based author from nine high-impact orthopaedic surgery journals from January 2012 to December 2021. Hispanic authorship was determined by matching author surnames to a modified Word and Perkins (1996) list of the most frequently occurring heavily Hispanic surnames. Data analysis was performed using Python and the statsmodels (v0.14.1) and SciPy (v.1.11.4) libraries. We determined the annual proportion of Hispanic authorship for first authors, senior authors, and any author, for all included articles and stratified by journal. Linear regression best-fit lines were employed to assess trends over time.
A total of 16,324 original research articles and 87,395 authors were included in the final analysis. Trend analysis of all included articles during the study period demonstrated increases in Hispanic first authorship (1.9% to 3.4%, P = 0.004), Hispanic senior authorship (2.0% to 3.0%, P = 0.087), and Hispanic total authorship (2.3% to 3.5%, P = 0.003). When stratified by journal, positive trends were seen in eight of nine journals for first and total authors. Six of nine journals demonstrated positive trends for senior authors.
Although Hispanic orthopaedic authorship increased modestly over the study period, it appears to remain disproportionately low compared with the overall Hispanic population in the United States. These findings highlight the importance of future efforts needed to better understand possible causes of this underrepresentation in orthopaedic literature.
从历史上看，骨科手术一直是医学领域中种族多样性最少的领域之一。美国骨科医师学会（AAOS）2018年的最新人口普查报告表明，在美国所有执业骨科医生中，只有2.2%的人认定自己为西班牙裔/拉丁裔。西班牙裔代表在研究和骨科文献作者身份方面的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是通过分析最近10年期间的8种高影响力骨科期刊，确定骨科研究中西班牙裔作者的趋势。
进行文献计量分析，从2012年1月至2021年12月的9种高影响力骨外科期刊中提取至少有一位美国作者的原创研究文章。通过将作者姓氏与修改后的Word和Perkins（1996）最常见的西班牙裔姓氏列表进行匹配来确定西班牙裔作者身份。使用Python以及statsmodels（v0.14.1）和SciPy（v.1.11.4）库进行数据分析。我们确定了所有纳入文章中第一作者、资深作者和任何作者的西班牙裔作者年度比例，并按期刊进行分层。采用线性回归最佳拟合线来评估随时间的趋势。
最终分析共纳入16324篇原创研究文章和87395名作者。研究期间所有纳入文章的趋势分析表明，西班牙裔第一作者比例（从1.9%增至3.4%，P = 0.004）、西班牙裔资深作者比例（从2.0%增至3.0%，P = 0.087）和西班牙裔作者总比例（从2.3%增至3.5%，P = 0.003）均有所增加。按期刊分层时，9种期刊中有8种在第一作者和作者总数方面呈现出积极趋势。9种期刊中有6种在资深作者方面呈现出积极趋势。
尽管在研究期间西班牙裔骨科作者比例有所适度增加，但与美国西班牙裔总人口相比，这一比例似乎仍然过低。这些发现凸显了未来努力更好地理解骨科文献中这种代表性不足可能原因的重要性。
