Oguri Noriaki, Kobayashi Chie, Ozawa Yuri, Kimura Toshihiko, Nishinarita Yuu, Wada Haruka, Nemoto Nobuki, Narita Masami, Tanigaki Shinji, Hanawa Tomoko, Miyoshi Jun, Hisamatsu Tadakazu
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
Nat Commun. 2025 Sep 10;16(1):8032. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-63466-3.
The maternal microbiome during pregnancy and the peripartum period plays a critical role in maternal health outcomes and establishing the neonatal gut microbiome, with long-term implications for offspring health. However, a healthy microbiome during these key periods has not been definitively characterized. This longitudinal study examines maternal and neonatal microbiomes using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in a Japanese cohort throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. Forty-two mothers and their forty-five offspring participate in the study. The maternal vaginal microbiome remains relatively stable during pregnancy but significantly changes in the postpartum period. Among Lactobacillus species, the Lactobacillus crispatus group is predominant. A higher abundance of Lactobacillus early in pregnancy is associated with a favorable gestational period. The maternal gut microbiome is associated with the vaginal microbiome throughout pregnancy. The neonatal gut microbiome substantially changes in early life, with bacterial composition influenced by delivery mode. Over time, bacteria shared with the maternal gut microbiome become dominant in the neonatal gut. This study provides insights into microbiome dynamics in Japanese mothers and their offspring during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Identification of common patterns across diverse populations may help define keystone microbes essential for human health and inform the development of microbiome-based interventions.
孕期和围产期的母体微生物群在孕产妇健康结局以及建立新生儿肠道微生物群方面起着关键作用，对后代健康具有长期影响。然而，这些关键时期的健康微生物群尚未得到明确界定。这项纵向研究在一个日本队列中，通过16S rRNA扩增子测序对整个孕期和产后的母体和新生儿微生物群进行了检测。42名母亲及其45名后代参与了该研究。孕期母体阴道微生物群相对稳定，但产后显著变化。在乳酸杆菌属中，卷曲乳酸杆菌组占主导地位。孕期早期较高丰度的乳酸杆菌与良好的妊娠期相关。整个孕期母体肠道微生物群与阴道微生物群相关。新生儿肠道微生物群在生命早期发生显著变化，其细菌组成受分娩方式影响。随着时间推移，与母体肠道微生物群共有的细菌在新生儿肠道中占主导地位。本研究为日本母亲及其后代在孕期和产后的微生物群动态提供了见解。识别不同人群中的共同模式可能有助于确定对人类健康至关重要的关键微生物，并为基于微生物群的干预措施的开发提供信息。
