Strambu Irina Ruxandra, Beer Ana
Department of Pulmonology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Pulmonology, Institute of Pneumology, Bucharest, Romania.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Aug 25;12:1602370. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1602370. eCollection 2025.
Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in affected tissues and organs. In over half of the cases, the disease undergoes spontaneous remission. In contrast, tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by , which, if left untreated, can be fatal. Sarcoidosis and tuberculosis exhibit numerous overlapping clinical, radiological, and histopathological features, including the presence of epithelioid cell granulomas with multinucleated giant cells. Historically, a potential etiological role of in sarcoidosis has been proposed; however, this hypothesis has not been conclusively supported by current evidence or therapeutic outcomes. Differentiating between these two entities presents a significant diagnostic challenge, particularly in regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. The diagnostic complexity is further heightened in cases where a concomitant occurrence of both conditions is suspected. In such scenarios, the absence of a definitive biomarker hampers the ability to discern whether the diseases coexist independently or share a pathogenic link. This article reviews current evidence on the association between sarcoidosis and tuberculosis and explores potential pathways to elucidate their etiological interrelationship.
结节病是一种病因不明的多系统肉芽肿性疾病，其特征是在受影响的组织和器官中形成非干酪样肉芽肿。超过半数的病例中，该疾病会自发缓解。相比之下，结核病是由[此处原文缺失病原体信息]引起的传染病，若不治疗可能致命。结节病和结核病在临床、放射学和组织病理学方面有许多重叠特征，包括存在含多核巨细胞的上皮样细胞肉芽肿。历史上曾有人提出[此处原文缺失相关因素信息]在结节病中可能具有病因学作用；然而，这一假说尚未得到当前证据或治疗结果的确凿支持。区分这两种疾病是一项重大的诊断挑战，尤其是在结核病高发地区。当怀疑两种疾病同时存在时，诊断复杂性进一步增加。在这种情况下，缺乏明确的生物标志物阻碍了辨别疾病是独立共存还是存在致病联系的能力。本文综述了关于结节病与结核病关联的当前证据，并探讨了阐明它们病因学相互关系的潜在途径。
