Newer products and formulas for alimentation.

Adequate nutritional support for the critically ill patient has evolved over the past 150 years from a time when starvation was accepted practice for patients with fever. Three to four thousand calories and other essential nutrients can now be safely provided each day to patients with infection or other critical illness. Nutrients may be provided in meals, administered by specialized enteral feedings, or infused intravenously. Nutrient mixtures with a high proportion of carbohydrate and protein appear the best dietary therapy to maintain body protein and support other organ systems and and cellular functions. New products and formulas offer the physician a wide variety of techniques for providing adequate nutrition to all patients with critical illness.